Identification of natural fractures using resistive image logs, fractal dimension and support vector machines
Identificación de fracturas naturales utilizando registro de imágenes resistivas, dimensión fractal y máquinas de soporte vectorial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v36n3.56198Keywords:
Fractal dimension, resistive image logs, box counting method, natural fractures, hydrocarbon reservoir, Catatumbo basin, support vector machines (svms) (en)Dimensión fractal, registros de imágenes resistivas, método del conteo de cajas, fracturas naturales, yacimiento de hidrocarburos, cuenca del Catatumbo, máquinas de soporte vectorial (es)
The purpose of this research is to apply a new approach to identify natural fractures in wells in a hydrocarbon reservoir using resistive image logs, fractal dimension and support vector machines (SVMs). The stratigraphic sequence investigated by each well is composed of Cretaceous calcareous rocks from the Catatumbo Basin, Colombia. The box counting method was applied to image logs in order to generate a curve representing variations of fractal dimension in these images throughout each well. The arithmetic mean of fractal dimension showed values ranging from 1,70 to 1,72 at the mineralized fracture intervals, and from 1,72 to 1,76 at the open fracture intervals. Morphological classification between open and mineralized natural fractures is performed using corelogs integration in a pilot well. Fractal dimension of images along with gamma rays and resistivity logs were employed as the input dataset of a SVM model identifying intervals with natural open fractures automatically, shortly after logs acquisition and previous to its interpretation by specialists. Although final results were affected by borehole conditions and logs quality, the SVM model showed
accuracy between 72,3% and 82,2% in 5 wells evaluated in the studied field.
El propósito de esta investigación es aplicar un nuevo enfoque para identificar fracturas naturales en pozos de un yacimiento de hidrocarburo utilizando registros de imágenes resistivas, dimensión fractal y máquinas de soporte vectorial (MSV). La secuencia estratigráfica alcanzada por cada pozo está compuesta por rocas calcáreas cretácicas de la Cuenca del Catatumbo, Colombia. El método del conteo de cajas se aplicó a registros de imágenes, generando una curva que representa variaciones de dimensión fractal en las imágenes a lo largo de cada pozo. La media aritmética de dimensión fractal mostró valores desde 1,70 a 1,72 en intervalos con fracturas mineralizadas y desde 1,72 a 1,76 en intervalos con fracturas abiertas. La clasificación morfológica entre fracturas naturales abiertas y mineralizadas es realizada utilizando integración núcleo-registro de un pozo piloto. La dimensión fractal de las imágenes junto con registros de rayos gamma y resistividad son empleados como datos de entrada a un modelo de MSV identificando intervalos con fracturas naturales abiertas automáticamente, poco después de adquirir los registros y previo a su interpretación por especialistas. Aunque los resultados finales están afectados por condiciones del hoyo y calidad de registros, el modelo de MSV mostró exactitud entre 72,3% y 82,2% en 5 pozos evaluados del campo estudiado.
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Copyright (c) 2016 Jorge Alberto Leal, Luis Hernán Ochoa, Jerson Andres García

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