Published

2018-01-01

Physicochemical characteristics of seeds from wild and cultivated castor bean plants (Ricinus communis L.)

Características fisicoquímicas de semillas de plantas de higuerilla (Ricinus communis L.) silvestres y cultivadas

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v38n1.63453

Keywords:

characterization of seed, oil quality, castor seed chemistry (en)
calidad de aceite, caracterización de semilla, química del ricino (es)

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The castor (Ricinus communis L.) is an oilseed plant whose main features are its drought resistance, and its adaptation to eroded, polluted, and low fertility soils. Its oil has a great demand in the industrial sector and it has recently attracted considerable interest for its use in the production of biodiesel and jet fuel. In this study, morphological, physical and chemical characterizations were performed to ascertain the quality of wild (VQ-1) and under cultivation (VQ-7) oil castor seeds. The results showed that there are differences in the morphological and physicochemical characteristics regarding oil content (44,95 vs 33,84%), ash (3,20 vs 2,42%), and 100-seed-weight (45,87 vs 54,23g); similar behavior was recorded when characterizing the oil: kinematic viscosity (269,67 vs 266,44mm2 /s), density (0,9389 vs 0,9465g/cm3 ), and acidity index (0,9918 vs 0,5440mg KOH/g) for VQ-1 and VQ-7, respectively. Growing conditions to which castor plants were subjected may influence both the final quality of seeds and chemical properties of the oil.

La higuerilla (Ricinus communis L.) es una planta oleaginosa cuyas principales características son su resistencia a la sequía y su adaptación a suelos erosionados, contaminados y de baja fertilidad. Su aceite tiene una gran demanda en el sector industrial y recientemente ha despertado un gran interés para ser utilizado en la producción de biodiesel y bioturbosina. En esta investigación, se realizaron caracterizaciones morfológicas, físicas y químicas de la semilla, así como una evaluación de la calidad del aceite de semillas silvestres (VQ-1) y bajo cultivo (VQ-7). Los resultados demostraron diferencias en las características morfológicas y físicoquímicas con respecto al contenido de aceite (44,95 vs 33,84%), cenizas (3,20 vs 2,42%) y el peso de 100 semillas (45,87 vs 54,23g); se observó un comportamiento similar en la caracterización del aceite: viscosidad cinemática (269,67 vs 266,44mm2 /s), densidad (0,9389 vs 0,9465g/cm3 ) e índice de acidez (0,9918 vs 0,5440mg KOH g), respectivamente para VQ-1 y VQ-7. Las condiciones de crecimiento a las cuales fueron sometidas las plantas de ricino pueden influir en la calidad final de las semillas y propiedades químicas del aceite.

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Vasco-Leal, J. F., Mosquera, J. D., Hernandez-Rios, I., Mendez-Gallegos, S. de J., Perea-Flores, M. de J., Peña-Aguilar, J. M., & Rodriguez-Garcia, M. E. (2018). Physicochemical characteristics of seeds from wild and cultivated castor bean plants (Ricinus communis L.). Ingeniería E Investigación, 38(1), 24-30. https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v38n1.63453
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Copyright (c) 2018 Jose Fernando Vasco-Leal, Jose Daniel Mosquera, Ismael Hernandez-Rios, Santiago de Jesus Mendez-Gallegos, Maria de Jesus Perea-Flores, Juan Manuel Peña-Aguilar, Mario Enrique Rodriguez-Garcia

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