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Evaluation of a facility location for a food assistance supply chain. The case of Bienestarina in Colombia
Evaluación de la localización de instalaciones para una cadena de suministro de asistencia alimentaria. Caso Bienestarina en Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v39n3.77175Keywords:
Facility Location problem, Food assistance programs, Humanitarian supply chain (en)Problema de localización y asignación, Programas de asistencia alimentaria, Cadenas de suministro humanitarias (es)
The evaluation of the strategic supply chain configuration is considered one of the strategic logistics decisions, especially in food assistance supply chains focused on generating better nutritional conditions in vulnerable populations. In Colombia, there is a social program called Bienestarina, which aims to promote food and nutritional security in a vulnerable population. Although the government supports the program for improving nutritional support, there are currently inconsistencies in freight flows, lack of coverage in some areas, and delivery delays. Therefore, this work aims to evaluate the current configuration of the supply chain and propose improvements related to the facility location. Such advances would enable the increase in the efficacy of the network and the reduction of malnutrition in the country. For this purpose, a mixed-integer mathematical programming model is presented, which considers the weighted distance criterion for different demand scenarios and supports the location-allocation decision in a social assistance supply chain. The current network configuration was compared with the optimal proposed structure. The comparisons show highly potential improvements in freight flow allocation, suggests several variations in the existing warehouses emplacement, and generates public policy implications to reduce the logistic cost in the system, prioritizing in turn the demand covering.
La evaluación de la configuración estratégica de la cadena de suministro se considera una decisión fundamental en logística, especialmente en cadenas de suministro de asistencia alimentaria cuyo objetivo es mejorar las condiciones nutricionales de poblaciones en situaciones de vulnerabilidad. Colombia cuenta con un programa estatal denominado Bienestarina, que busca promover la seguridad alimentaria de los sectores más vulnerables de la población. Aunque el programa es apoyado por el gobierno y contribuye a mejorar las condiciones nutricionales, actualmente se presentan inconsistencias en los flujos de carga, falta de cobertura en algunas áreas y demoras en las entregas. Por lo anterior, este trabajo busca evaluar la configuración actual de la cadena y proponer mejoras relacionadas con la localización de instalaciones. Esta mejora permitiría el incremento en la eficacia de la red y la reducción de la desnutrición en el país. Para este propósito, se presenta un modelo de programación matemática entera mixta que considera el criterio de distancia ponderada para diferentes escenarios de demanda y soporta la decisión de localización-asignación en una cadena de suministro de asistencia social. La configuración de red actual se comparó con la estructura óptima propuesta. Las comparaciones muestran grandes diferencias entre las asignaciones actuales y los escenarios propuestos por el modelo matemático, sugieren cambios en la localización actual de los almacenes, y genera implicaciones de política pública para la reducción del costo logístico en el sistema, priorizando a su vez la cobertura de la demanda.
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Copyright (c) 2019 Feizar Javier Rueda-Velasco, Wilson Adarme-Jaimes, Angélica Garzón-Luna, Jhonatan Marroquín-Ávila, Gabriel Parada-Caro
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