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Entropy-based image encryption using Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor (OVSF)
Cifrado de imágenes basado en la entropía utilizando el Factor de Propagación Variable Ortogonal (OVSF)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v40n3.81421Keywords:
entropy, OVSF, image encryption, security, privacy, ciphered data (en)entropía, OVSF, cifrado de imágenes, seguridad, privacidad, datos cifrados (es)
The purpose of image encryption is to provide data privacy and security. The former ensures that only authorized personnel can access the original content, while the latter implies that there is no evident relationship between the encrypted and the original content, and that the key space is equally likely and large enough. In the current state of the field, there are several proposals of image encryption techniques with very high privacy (in terms of entropy) but weak in terms of security (i.e., small key space). Recently, a new encoding-based method that provides a long key space (namely 8,57 × 10506) with a middle value of entropy (87%) was proposed. Our proposal preserves the strength of the image encryption methods based on encoding, but with a higher value placed on security than the preliminary works. Every pixel of an image is mapped into an orthogonal code based on 256 bits. The 8-OVSF codes are selected to encode the image, given that the entropy of the inter-symbol is near the possible maximum. Numerous test results verify that our ciphered data have a very high value of entropy (98,5%) with an equally likely and long key space (8,57 × 10506), thus providing an adequate balance between privacy and security.
El objetivo del cifrado de imágenes es proporcionar privacidad y seguridad a los datos. La primera garantiza que solo el personal autorizado pueda acceder al contenido original, mientras que la otra implica que no exista relación evidente entre el contenido cifrado y el original, y que el conjunto de claves tenga igualdad de probabilidad y sea lo suficientemente grande. En el estado del arte existen numerosas propuestas de técnicas de cifrado de imágenes con alta privacidad (en términos de entropía), pero con deficiencia en términos de seguridad (es decir, un conjunto de claves pequeño). Recientemente, se propuso un método basado en codificación que proporciona un espacio de clave grande (específicamente, 8,57 × 10506) con un valor intermedio de entropía (87 %). Nuestra propuesta conserva la fortaleza de los métodos de cifrado de imágenes basados en codificación, pero con mayor valor de seguridad que los trabajos anteriores. Cada píxel de una imagen es mapeado a un código ortogonal de 256 bits. Los códigos 8-OVSF se seleccionan para codificar la imagen, debido a que la entropía del inter-símbolo es cercana al máximo posible. Los resultados de numerosas pruebas demuestran que nuestros datos cifrados tienen un valor de entropía muy alto (98,5 %) con un conjunto de claves grande (8,57 × 10506) e igualmente probable, lo que proporciona un equilibrio adecuado entre privacidad y seguridad.
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1. Bahram Rashidi. (2025). A High Secure Image Encryption Method Based on an Efficient and Low‐Cost Cryptographic System. SECURITY AND PRIVACY, 8(6) https://doi.org/10.1002/spy2.70130.
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