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Composting of byproducts from the orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) and sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) agroindustries
Compostaje de subproductos de las agroindustrias de naranja (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) y caña de azúcar (Saccharum spp. hybrids)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v40n3.82877Keywords:
orange peel, compost, bagasse, temperature (en)cáscara de naranja, composta, bagazo, temperatura (es)
There is a global problem involving the generation, management, disposal, and treatment of agro-industrial waste, since it requires technologies for its transformation into the sustainable production of food, fodder, biofuels, fibers, bioproducts, and biofertilizers. The citrus and sugarcane agroindustries generate waste or byproducts that require a special treatment to be reused. Sugarcane byproducts already have an established but unsustainable use. In the case of citrus fruits, 50-60% of the organic waste has an acidic pH (3-4), 95% organic matter, and 80-90% moisture. The objective of this research was to evaluate and model the pile composting method applied to byproducts of the orange and sugarcane agroindustries to obtain compost with competitive physicochemical parameters for use as a soil improver. The pile was designed with a pyramidal rectangular arrangement, and 9 points were established for temperature sampling in three different sections during composting. An average of 55 °C and a pH of 9,1 were obtained at the end of the process. Compared to the regional control, the C/N ratio (27,5), organic matter (65,5%), and macro- and microelements show improved characteristics for use in food production in agroecological agriculture.
Hay una problemática global que implica la generación, manejo, disposición y tratamiento de residuos agroindustriales, dado que requieren tecnologías para su transformación en la producción sostenible de alimentos, forrajes, biocombustibles, fibras, bioproductos y biofertilizantes. Las agroindustrias de cítricos y caña de azúcar generan residuos o subproductos que requieren un tratamiento especial para ser reutilizados. Los subproductos de caña ya tienen un uso establecido, pero no sostenible. En el caso de los cítricos, entre 50-60 % de los residuos orgánicos tienen pH ácido (3-4), 95 % de materia orgánica y 80-90 % de humedad. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar y modelar el método de compostaje de pila en subproductos de la agroindustria de naranja y caña de azúcar para obtener composta con parámetros fisicoquímicos competitivos para uso como mejorador de suelos. La pila se diseñó con un arreglo piramidal–rectangular y se establecieron 9 puntos para el muestreo de temperatura en tres secciones diferentes durante el compostaje. Se obtuvieron un promedio de 55 °C y un pH de 9,1 al final del proceso. Comparado con el testigo regional, la relación C/N (27,5), la materia orgánica (65,5 %), y los macro y microelementos presentan características mejoradas para su empleo en la producción de alimentos en la agricultura agroecológica.
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Copyright (c) 2020 Noe Aguilar-Rivera, Teresita de Jesus Debernardi-Vazquez, Rosalia Nuñez-Pastrana
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