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The Influence of Safety Climate, Motivation, and Knowledge on Worker Compliance and Participation: An Empirical Study of Indonesian SMEs
La influencia del clima, la motivación y el conocimiento de seguridades en el cumplimiento y la participación de los trabajadores: un estudio empírico de PyMEs en Indonesia
Keywords:
safety compliance, safety motivation, safety participation, safety climate, safety knowledge, SMEs (en)cumplimiento de seguridad, motivación de seguridad, participación en seguridad, clima de seguridad, conocimiento de seguridad, PyMEs (es)
In the workplace, safety behavior has been regarded as an important safety performance factor that is generally expressed based on the degree of safety compliance and worker participation. Previous studies have proposed several models for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), but the human factor and situation-related matters seem yet to be included. This study aims to investigate the role of motivation and knowledge (as person-related constructs) and safety climate (as a situation-related construct) in SMEs' compliance and participation. Based on a more comprehensive model, a questionnaire was constructed and distributed to 23 Indonesian metal manufacturing SMEs. The results showed that safety climate positively influenced safety knowledge, motivation, compliance, and participation. Safety knowledge and motivation were found to mediate the relationship between safety climate and behavior (i.e., compliance and participation). Safety knowledge only affected compliance, while motivation influenced compliance and participation. This study suggests that SMEs should consider situation-related constructs (safety climate) and person-related constructs (motivation and knowledge) to improve their safety behavior.
En el lugar de trabajo, el comportamiento de seguridad ha sido considerado como un factor importante del rendimiento de seguridad que se expresa generalmente en función del grado del cumplimiento de seguridad y de la participación de los trabajadores. Estudios anteriores han propuesto varios modelos del comportamiento de seguridad para las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PyMEs), pero el factor humano y los asuntos relacionados con la situación parecen no estar incluidos todavía. Este estudio tiene como objetivo investigar el papel de la motivación y del conocimiento (constructos relacionados con la persona) y el clima de seguridad (constructo relacionado con la situación) en el cumplimiento y la participación de las PyMEs. Basado en un modelo más integral, se construyó un cuestionario que se distribuyó a 23 PyMEs indonesias de fabricación de metales Los resultados mostraron que el clima de seguridad influyó positivamente en el conocimiento, la motivación, el cumplimiento y la participación de seguridad. Se encontró que el conocimiento y la motivación de seguridad median en la relación entre el clima de seguridad y el comportamiento (es decir, cumplimiento y participación). El conocimiento de seguridad solo afectó el cumplimiento, mientras que la motivación influyó en el cumplimiento y la participación. Este estudio sugiere que las PyMEs tienen que considerar constructos relacionados con la situación(clima de seguridad) y constructos relacionados con la persona (motivación y conocimiento) para mejorar su comportamiento en materia de seguridad.
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