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Alkali-activated concretes based on fly ash and blast furnace slag: Compressive strength, water absorption and chloride permeability
Concretos álcali-activados basados en cenizas volantes y escorias siderúrgicas de alto horno: Resistencia a compresión, absorción de agua y permeabilidad a cloruros
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v40n2.83893Keywords:
Alkaline Activated Concrete, Fly Ash, Blast Furnace Slag, Mechanical and permeability properties (en)[concretos de activación alcalina, cenizas volantes, escoria siderúrgica de alto horno, propiedades mecánicas y de permeabilidad (es)
Concretes based on alkaliactivated binders have attracted considerable attention as new alternative construction materials, which can substitute Portland Cement (OPC) in several applications. These binders are obtained through the chemical reaction between an alkaline activator and reactive aluminosilicate materials, also named precursors. Commonly used precursors are fly ash (FA), blast furnace slag (GBFS), and metakaolin. The present study evaluated properties such as compressive strength, rate of water absorption (sorptivity), and chloride permeability in two types of alkaliactivated concretes (AAC): FA/GBFS 80/20 and GBFS/OPC 80/20. OPC and GBFS/OPC* concretes without alkaliactivation were used as reference materials. The highest compressive strength was observed in the FA/GBFS concrete, which reported 26,1% greater strength compared to OPC concrete after 28 days of curing. The compressive strength of alkaliactivated FA/GBFS 80/20 and GBFS/OPC 80/20 was 61 MPa and 42 MPa at 360 days of curing, respectively. These AAC showed low permeability to the chloride ion and a reduced water absorption. It is concluded that these materials have suitable properties for various applications in the construction sector.
Los concretos basados en cementantes activados alcalinamente han atraído una atención considerable como nuevos materiales de construcción alternativos que pueden sustituir al cemento Portland (OPC) en diferentes aplicaciones. Estos cementantes se obtienen de la reacción química entre un activador alcalino y materiales aluminosilicatos reactivos, también denominados precursores. Los precursores más habituales son cenizas volantes (FA), escoria de alto horno (GBFS) y metacaolin. El presente estudio evaluó propiedades tales como la resistencia a la compresión, la velocidad de absorción de agua (succión capilar) y la permeabilidad a cloruros de dos tipos de concreto activados alcalinamente (AAC): FA/GBFS 80/20 y GBFS/OPC 80/20. Como materiales de referencia se usaron los concretos OPC y GBFS/OPC*. La mayor resistencia a la compresión se observó en el concreto FA/GBFS, que reportó una resistencia 26,1% mayor en comparación con el concreto OPC después de 28 días de curado. La resistencia a la compresión de los concretos álcaliactivados FA/GBFS 80/20 y GBFS/OPC 80/20 fue de 61 MPa y 42 MPa a los 360 días de curado respectivamente. Estos AAC mostraron una baja permeabilidad al ion cloruro y una absorción de agua reducida. Se concluye que estos materiales presentan propiedades que son adecuadas para diversas aplicaciones en el sector de la construcción.
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