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Comparison of Treatments by Mercerization and Plasma Glow Discharge on Residues of the Amazon Chestnut Shell (Bertholletia Excelsa)
Comparación de tratamientos por mercerización y descarga intensa de plasma sobre residuos de la cáscara de castaña amazónica (Bertholletia excelsa)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v42n1.86698Keywords:
Amazonian chestnut, Bertholletia excelsa, plasma glow discharge, cellulose (en)Castaña amazónica, Bertholletia excelsa, descarga intensa de plasma, celulosa (es)
The chestnut shell from the Amazon region shared between Colombia, Brazil, and Perú is an abundant residue of the walnut used for obtaining food and cosmetic products. This residue is not yet usable due to the lack of knowledge of its properties and the environmental impact generated by its treatment through methods such as mercerization. This work presents the results of the characterization of Amazon chestnut shell residues treated by two methods, mercerization with NaOH solution and intense plasma discharge (Glow Discharge Plasma), in a reactor with argon gas in a 0,3-bar vacuum and discharge conditions of 80 mA and 600 s. The microstructural, morphological, topographic, and nanomechanical changes of the chestnut residues without treatment and with the two proposed treatments were evaluated by means of the µRaman, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy techniques. The results showed the effectiveness of the plasma method over the mercerization method at obtaining more crystalline cellulose structures due to the reduction of hemicellulose, lignin, and the aqueous phase of walnut shell waste.
La cáscara de castaña proveniente de la región amazónica, compartida entre Colombia, Brasil y Perú, es un residuo abundante de la nuez empleada en la obtención de productos alimenticios y cosméticos. Este residuo no es utilizable por la falta de conocimiento de sus propiedades y del impacto ambiental generado por su tratamiento por métodos como la mercerización. En este trabajo se muestran los resultados de la caracterización de los residuos de cáscara de castaña amazónica tratados por dos métodos, mercerización con solución de NaOH y descarga intensa de plasma (Glow Discharge Plasma), en un reactor con gas de argón en un vacío de 0,3 bar y condiciones de descarga de 80 mA y 600 s. Los cambios microestructurales, morfológicos, topográficos y nanomecánicos de los residuos de castaña sin tratamiento y con los dos tratamientos propuestos se evaluaron mediante las técnicas de µRaman, microscopía electrónica de barrido y microscopía de fuerza atómica. Los resultados mostraron la efectividad del método por plasma, por encima del método de mercerización, para la obtención de estructuras más cristalinas de celulosa debido a la reducción de la hemicelulosa, la lignina y la fase acuosa de los desechos de cáscara de nuez.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Ximena Zapata Londoño, James Janderson Rosero Romo, Hugo Armando Estupiñan Duran
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