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Electric Vehicles and the Use of Demand Projection Models: A Systematic Mapping of Studies
Vehículos eléctricos y el uso de modelos de proyección de demanda: un mapeo sistemático de estudios
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.99251Keywords:
electric vehicles, demand, models, systematic mapping (en)vehículos eléctricos, demanda, modelos, mapeo sistemático (es)
In today’s world, electric vehicles have become a real solution to the problem of pollution caused by petrol and diesel-powered vehicles. However, incorporating them successfully into the global vehicle park poses new challenges. Some of these challenges have to do with meeting the electricity demand, providing the physical installations for charging, and the size and capacity of the electric grid required to deliver the necessary supply. Solving these new problems requires determining or projecting the electrical and/or physical requirements involved, but there is no single model or methodology to do this, nor any single document which summarizes the existing information. To address this situation, this work presents the result of a systematic mapping study that seeks to provide organized information about the (mathematical) models for the demand arising from electric vehicles, as well as to answer a series of questions posed for this research. The results obtained show that there is a wide variety of models used to determine demand requirements –of either physical or electrical elements– in which mathematical modelling and operations research tools are normally used. Other results indicate that demand models are mainly focused on the electrical requirements rather than on physical ones, and that, in most cases, the type of vehicle for which the demand is studied is not mentioned.
En la actualidad, los vehículos eléctricos se han convertido en una alternativa real al problema de contaminación ocasionado por los vehículos a gasolina y diésel. Sin embargo, su incorporación exitosa al parque automotriz global implica nuevos desafíos. Algunos de estos desafíos tienen que ver con satisfacer la demanda de electricidad, suministrar las instalaciones físicas necesarias para la carga y el tamaño y capacidad de la red eléctrica para aportar el suministro requerido. Para resolver estos nuevos problemas, es necesario determinar o proyectar los requerimientos eléctricos y/o físicos implicados, pero no existe un único modelo o metodología para ello, como tampoco un único documento que resuma la información existente. En atención a esto, este documento presenta el resultado de un mapeo sistemático de estudios que busca entregar información organizada sobre los modelos (matemáticos) de demanda de vehículos eléctricos, como también dar respuesta a un conjunto de interrogantes planteadas para la investigación. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que existe una amplia variedad de modelos utilizados para determinar los requerimientos de demanda –ya sea de elementos físicos o eléctricos– donde normalmente se utilizan el modelamiento matemático y las herramientas de investigación de operaciones. Otros resultados indican que los modelos de demanda se centran principalmente en los requerimientos eléctricos por encima de los físicos, y que, en la mayoría de los casos, no se menciona el tipo de vehículo sobre el que se estudia la demanda.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Dafne Consuelo Lagos, Rodrigo Andrés Mancilla Vargas, Carolina Reinecke , Paola Leal
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