Publicado

2012-01-01

Conceptos actuales sobre mecanismos reguladores de la pubertad

Current concepts regarding mechanisms regulating puberty

Palabras clave:

pubertad, fenómenos metabólicos, hipotálamo, receptores LHRH (es)
puberty, metablic phenomena, hypothalamus, recptors, LHRH (en)

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Autores/as

  • Alba Fernanda Ruiz-Mejía Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá.
  • Ismena Mockus-Sivickas Profesora Titular, Departamento Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá.
El inicio de la pubertad depende de la activación del eje hipotálamo-hipofisiario-gonadal. Existe una red glial y neuronal que interactúa por medio de moléculas de adhesión, factores de crecimiento, aminoácidos, péptidos y derivados lipídicos, que permiten integrar en el hipotálamo la información del estado metabólico del individuo con la que proviene del medio ambiente determinando el comienzo y mantenimiento de la etapa reproductiva. En los últimos años se ha ampliado la comprensión de los factores que intervienen en la pubertad, aunque no se han dilucido todos los mecanismos participantes. Este artículo revisa algunos de los procesos celulares y moleculares más importantes en la regulación de la secreción pulsátil de GnRH, con mayor énfasis en los conocimientos más recientes.
The onset of puberty depends on activating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. A glial and neuronal network interacts by means of adhesion molecules, growth factors, amino acids, peptides and lipid derivates, leading to information about an individual's metabolic state becoming integrated with that from the environment in the hypothalamus and thereby determining the start of the reproductive stage and its maintenance. Understanding about the factors intervening in puberty has become greater during the last few years, even though all the participating mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. This article reviews some of the most important cellular and molecular processes in regulating pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion, placing greater emphasis on the most recent knowledge.

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