La infección gástrica por helicobacter pylori modifica la secreción de ácido
Keywords:
infecciones por helicobacter, diagnóstico, microbiologia, helicobacter pylori, histopatología, mucosa gástrica (es)Downloads
El factor más importante implicado en la etiología de la gastritis y de la úlcera péptica es Helicobacter pylori. Se han descrito alteraciones en el control de la secreción de ácido modificando la relación entre gastrina y somatostatina, cuyo resultado final en la secreción de ácido es variable. En el presente trabajo investigamos prospectivamente las modificaciones que se observan tempranamente en caso de infección por esta bacteria, luego de una terapia antibiótica que no modifique los valores de secreción ácida, basándose en bismuto subcitrato, tetraciclina y furazolidona. Se investigaron sujetos con dispepsia no ulcerosa asociada a una gastritis crónica. Los mismos se distribuyeron en dos grupos. Grupo 1: Se realizó una endoscopia con toma de biopsias para examen histopatológico. Un día diferente se practicó un gastroacidograma basal y estimulado con pentagastrina. Se inició la terapia antibiótica y se practicó un gastroacidograma de control semejante al inicial al quinto de iniciada aquélla. Grupo II: similar al anterior pero con un control al día 15° (final de la terapia). Resultados. Se investigaron 27 pacientes. Grupo 1: Los valores secretorios antes y después de la terapia fueron: concentración basal 26.55+/-24.5 y 40.44+/-20.3 mmol/l (p=0.0086) ; concentración post estímulo 60.0+/-29.23 y 92+/-24.9 mmol/L (p=0.0059). Grupo II: Concentración basal 17.05+/-12.3 mmol/ L y 34.11+/-26.3 mmol/L(p=0.0011). Concentración post estímulo 61.4+/-26.9 mmol/L y 91.83+/-39.28 mmol/L (p=Ü.0021). Los valores de débito ácido estimulados siguieron las mismas tendencias. Conclusión: Una terapia de erradicación de H pylori en nuestros pacientes se asoció a un incremento rápido y significativo de las concentraciones de secreción ácida. Esta modificación está asociada no a la desaparición física de la bacteria, sino probablemente a la disminución precoz de factores inhibitorios relacionados con la respuesta inflamatoria como la Interleukina 1. La hiposecreción gástrica de ácido no necesariamente es el resultado final de una atrofia gástrica y su presencia durante largos períodos de tiempo puede ser de gran importancia al facilitar el aumento de carcinógenos en las regiones del mundo con alta incidencia de cáncer gástrico.
The most important factor associated with the etiology of gastritis and peptic ulcer is Helicobacter pylori. It also has been implicated in the described alterations of the gastrinsomatostatin-acid relationships. In this work we investigated prospectively the changes in gastric acid secretion observed after a triple therapy for H. pylori eradication with bismuth, tetracycline and furazolidone. Patients with non ulcer dispepsia and a H.pylori associated chronic gastritis were investigated. An upper GI endoscopy and a basal and pentagastrin stimulated acid secretion tests were performed. A 2nd. Secretory test was done at 5 (Group l) and 14 days (Group II) after starting antibiotic therapy. Results. 27 patients were investigated. Acid concentrations values in both groups increased significatively in basal and stimulated conditions compared to the initial results, at 5 and 14 days of starting drugs. Stimulated acid output also had an increase. Conclusion. A therapy for H.pylori eradication induces an early increase of gastric acid parameters. Factors involved in this change are probably inflammatory mediators such us 1-Interleukin, as at 5th day a complete bacterial eradication is not probably. Presence of chronic lower acid secretion rates could be implicated in the etiology of gastric cancer as it can induce bacterial overgrowth and deserves further epidemiological investigation.
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