Del código genético al código epigenético: nuevas estrategias terapéuticas
Keywords:
Metilación de DNA, DNA metiltransferasa (DNMT), código de histonas, histona desacetilasas (HDAC), inhibidor de histona desacetilasas (HDACI), terapia biológica, terapia anticancerosa. (es)Downloads
El papel crítico del remodelamiento de la
cromatina en la expresión de los genes se halla
bajo la influencia de los cambios epigenéticos
que conforman un lenguaje inesperado en el
DNA y las histonas. Este trabajo actualiza el
conocimiento sobre la metilación del DNA y la
acetilación de las histonas, con especial interés
en su aplicación clínica. Se ha propuesto, la
identificación de los patrones heredables de
metilación como herramienta útil en el diagnóstico
y pronóstico del cáncer. Los inhibidores
de las DNA-metiltransferasas
y de las
desacetilasas de histonas que actúan como
reprogramadores de la expresión génica, han
generado una nueva y promisoria aproximación
terapéutica.
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