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El cuidador familiar de personas con ataque cerebrovascular: revisión de alcance
The family caregiver of people with stroke: A scoping review
O cuidador familiar de pessoas com acidente vascular cerebral: revisão de escopo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/av.enferm.v41n3.105002Palabras clave:
Cuidadores, Cuidadores Familiares, Accidente Cerebrovascular, Calidad de Vida, Apoyo Social (es)Caregivers, Family Caregivers, Stroke, Quality of Life, Social Support (en)
Cuidadores, Cuidadores Familiares, Acidente Vascular Cerebral, Qualidade de Vida, Apoio Social (pt)
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Objetivo: describir el estado actual de la evidencia científica sobre cuidadores familiares (CF) de personas con ataque cerebrovascular (ACV ).
Síntesis de contenido: se realizó una revisión descriptiva de alcance en las bases de datos Embase, PubMed, SciELO y Scopus, en idiomas inglés, español y portugués, acotada al periodo comprendido entre 2014 y el primer trimestre de 2023. Se utilizaron los términos MeSH y los operadores booleanos en la siguiente ecuación: caregivers OR family nursing OR family caregiving AND stroke AND nursing. Después del proceso de crítica con CASP-e, se seleccionaron 82 artículos. Con base en la información de estos artículos, se identificaron cuatro núcleos temáticos: i) condiciones y necesidades del CF de una persona con ACV ; ii) experiencia de cuidar y su impacto en el CF; iii) necesidad de soporte social, acompañamiento y espiritualidad para el bienestar del CF y iv) estrategias de enfermería para mejorar las condiciones generales del CF de una persona con ACV.
Conclusiones: las necesidades de los CF de personas con ACV se centran en aspectos como soporte social, acompañamiento y espiritualidad, evidenciado en variables como depresión, sobrecarga del cuidador y calidad de vida. Dentro de las oportunidades de generación de nuevo conocimiento se encuentran las relacionadas con el diseño de intervenciones de enfermería para la formación del cuidador que mejoren su calidad de vida.
Objective: To describe the current state of scientific evidence on family caregivers (FC) of people with cerebral vascular accident (CVA).
Content synthesis: Descriptive scope review conducted in the databases Embase, PubMed, SciELO and Scopus, including papers written in English, Spanish and Portuguese
and published in 2014 and during the first quarter of 2023. Mesh terms were use and Boolean operators in the following equation: caregivers OR family nursing OR family caregiving AND stroke AND nursing. After the review process with CASP-e, 82 articles were selected, addressing four main thematic nuclei: i) conditions and needs of the FC of a person with stroke, ii) the experience of caring and its impact on the FC, iii) the need for social support, accompaniment and spirituality for the well-being of the FC, and iv) nursing strategies to improve the general FC conditions of a person with stroke.
Conclusions: The needs of FC of people with stroke are mainly related to aspects such as social support, accompaniment, and spirituality, as evidenced in variables such as depression, caregiver burden and quality of life. Our findings show that design of nursing interventions for caregiver training aimed at improving their quality of life emerge as opportunities for generating new knowledge on the subject.
Objetivo: descrever o estado atual das evidências científicas sobre cuidadores familiares (CF) de pessoas com acidente vascular cerebral (AVC).
Síntese do conteúdo: foi realizada uma revisão de escopo descritiva nas bases de dados Embase, PubMed, SciELO e Scopus em inglês, espanhol e português, limitada ao período entre 2014 e primeiro trimestre 2023. Foram utilizados termos MeSH e operadores booleanos a seguir equação: caregivers OR family nursing OR family caregiving AND stroke AND nursing. Após o processo de revisão junto ao CASP-e, foram selecionados 82 artigos. Emergiram quatro núcleos temáticos: i) condições e necessidades do CF da pessoa com AVC, ii) a experiência de cuidar e seu impacto no CF, iii) a necessidade de apoio social, acompanhamento e espiritualidade para o bem-estar da pessoa CF e iv) estratégias de enfermagem para melhorar as condições gerais de CF de uma pessoa com AVC.
Conclusões: em geral, as necessidades de CF das pessoas com AVC concentram-se em aspectos como suporte social, acompanhamento e espiritualidade, evidenciados em variáveis como depressão, sobrecarga do cuidador e qualidade de vida. Entre as oportunidades de geração de novos conhecimentos estão aquelas relacionadas ao desenho de intervenções de enfermagem para a formação de cuidadores que melhorem sua qualidade de vida.
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Derechos de autor 2023 Fredy Duvan Tamayo Botero, Ángela María Salazar Maya, Edier Mauricio Arias Rojas
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