Published

2024-02-22

Surface Roughness Value Recommended for the Manufacture of Antibacterial Metal Surfaces: A Review

Rugosidad superficial recomendada en la manufactura de superficies metálicas antibacterianas: una revisión

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.102345

Keywords:

bacterial adhesion, metal implant surface, surface roughness, bacterial biofilm (en)
adhesión bacteriana, superficie de implantes metálicos, rugosidad superficial, biofilm bacteriano (es)

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The manufacturing of antibacterial metal surfaces has been widely studied in the elaboration dental and orthopedic implants. Surface characteristics such as wettability, chemistry, electrostatics, and roughness have been described as factors for avoiding bacterial adhesion. However, surface roughness is still debated among authors regarding its effect on antibacterial surfaces. This paper reviews the existing literature to identify the recommended surface roughness values for metal implants to avoid bacterial adhesion, and it evaluates the different roughness parameters used in this regard. This compilation found no agreement when it comes to the exact roughness that a metal implant’s surface should have to avoid bacterial adhesion and the subsequent formation of biofilms. In general, different authors recommend manufacturing smooth surfaces with a nanoscale roughness, smaller than the size of the target bacterium.

La manufactura de superficies metálicas antibacterianas ha sido ampliamente estudiada en la elaboración de implantes ortopédicos y dentales.  Ciertas características de las superficies, tales como mojabilidad, química, electrostática y rugosidad, han sido señaladas como factores para prevenir la adhesión bacteriana. Sin embargo, la rugosidad superficial aún se encuentra en debate en cuanto a su efecto en las superficies antibacterianas. Este artículo realiza una revisión de la literatura existente para identificar los valores de rugosidad superficial recomendados para evitar la adhesión bacteriana en implantes metálicos, y evalúa los distintos parámetros de rugosidad utilizados en este contexto. Esta compilación no encontró un consenso en términos de la rugosidad exacta que la superficie de un implante metálico debería tener para evitar la adhesión bacteriana y la posterior formación de biofilms. En términos generales, diferentes autores recomiendan manufacturar superficies con rugosidades de escala nanométrica, menores que el tamaño de la bacteria objetivo.

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Calvo-Correa, M. P., Cortés-Rodríguez, C. J. & Camargo-López, J. R. (2024). Surface Roughness Value Recommended for the Manufacture of Antibacterial Metal Surfaces: A Review. Ingeniería e Investigación, 44(1), e102345. https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.102345

ACM

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Calvo-Correa, M.P., Cortés-Rodríguez, C.J. and Camargo-López, J.R. 2024. Surface Roughness Value Recommended for the Manufacture of Antibacterial Metal Surfaces: A Review. Ingeniería e Investigación. 44, 1 (Jan. 2024), e102345. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.102345.

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Calvo-Correa, M. P.; Cortés-Rodríguez, C. J.; Camargo-López, J. R. Surface Roughness Value Recommended for the Manufacture of Antibacterial Metal Surfaces: A Review. Ing. Inv. 2024, 44, e102345.

ABNT

CALVO-CORREA, M. P.; CORTÉS-RODRÍGUEZ, C. J.; CAMARGO-LÓPEZ, J. R. Surface Roughness Value Recommended for the Manufacture of Antibacterial Metal Surfaces: A Review. Ingeniería e Investigación, [S. l.], v. 44, n. 1, p. e102345, 2024. DOI: 10.15446/ing.investig.102345. Disponível em: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/ingeinv/article/view/102345. Acesso em: 25 dec. 2025.

Chicago

Calvo-Correa, Martha Patricia, Carlos Julio Cortés-Rodríguez, and Julián R. Camargo-López. 2024. “Surface Roughness Value Recommended for the Manufacture of Antibacterial Metal Surfaces: A Review”. Ingeniería E Investigación 44 (1):e102345. https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.102345.

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Calvo-Correa, M. P., Cortés-Rodríguez, C. J. and Camargo-López, J. R. (2024) “Surface Roughness Value Recommended for the Manufacture of Antibacterial Metal Surfaces: A Review”, Ingeniería e Investigación, 44(1), p. e102345. doi: 10.15446/ing.investig.102345.

IEEE

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M. P. Calvo-Correa, C. J. Cortés-Rodríguez, and J. R. Camargo-López, “Surface Roughness Value Recommended for the Manufacture of Antibacterial Metal Surfaces: A Review”, Ing. Inv., vol. 44, no. 1, p. e102345, Jan. 2024.

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Calvo-Correa, M. P., C. J. Cortés-Rodríguez, and J. R. Camargo-López. “Surface Roughness Value Recommended for the Manufacture of Antibacterial Metal Surfaces: A Review”. Ingeniería e Investigación, vol. 44, no. 1, Jan. 2024, p. e102345, doi:10.15446/ing.investig.102345.

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Calvo-Correa, Martha Patricia, Carlos Julio Cortés-Rodríguez, and Julián R. Camargo-López. “Surface Roughness Value Recommended for the Manufacture of Antibacterial Metal Surfaces: A Review”. Ingeniería e Investigación 44, no. 1 (January 2, 2024): e102345. Accessed December 25, 2025. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/ingeinv/article/view/102345.

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Calvo-Correa MP, Cortés-Rodríguez CJ, Camargo-López JR. Surface Roughness Value Recommended for the Manufacture of Antibacterial Metal Surfaces: A Review. Ing. Inv. [Internet]. 2024 Jan. 2 [cited 2025 Dec. 25];44(1):e102345. Available from: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/ingeinv/article/view/102345

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