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Evaluating the Use of Recycled Brick Powder as a Partial Replacement for Portland Cement in Concrete
Evaluación del uso del polvo reciclado de ladrillo como reemplazo parcial al cemento Portland en el hormigón
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.107462Keywords:
workability, mechanical properties, physical properties, sustainability (en)trabajabilidad, propiedades mecánicas, propiedades físicas, sostenibilidad (es)
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Portland cement is one of the most used construction materials. However, its production represents between 5 and 7% of the total CO2 emissions. On the other hand, during construction and demolition activities, different wastes are produced, including recycled brick powder (RBP), whose potential as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) has been demonstrated in the literature. This research aims to evaluate RBP as a partial replacement for Portland cement in concrete. 5 to 10% of Portland cement was replaced with RBP in two strength designs (20 and 25 MPa) in order to propose concretes that meet the requirements for use in construction. Tests involving slump, compressive strength, tensile strength by diametrical compression, absorption, density, and void content were performed. The results show that a 5% RBP replacement does not affect workability in concrete mixes, as it maintains their mechanical resistance and slightly improves their physical properties. On the other hand, 10% RBP replacements adversely affect workability and reduce tensile strength. These results are attributed to pozzolanic activity and the physical effect caused by RBP, whose performance may be improved by reducing RBP particles and increasing their specific surface area (SSA). Using RBP as a replacement for Portland cement to produce concrete is a viable alternative with a sustainable approach.
El cemento Portland es uno de los materiales de construcción más utilizados. Sin embargo, su producción representa entre el 5 y el 7 % de las emisiones totales de CO2. Por otro lado, durante las actividades de construcción y demolición, se producen diferentes residuos, entre ellos el polvo de ladrillo reciclado (PLR), cuyo potencial como material cementante suplementario (MCS) ha sido demostrado en la literatura. El objetivo de la presente investigación es evaluar el PLR como reemplazo parcial del cemento Portland en el hormigón. Se sustituyó 5 y 10% de cemento Portland por PLR para dos resistencias de diseño (20 y 25 MPa), a fin de proponer concretos que cumplan con los requerimientos para ser utilizados en la construcción. Se realizaron ensayos de asentamiento, resistencia a la compresión, resistencia a la tracción por compresión diametral, absorción, densidad y contenido de vacíos. Los resultados muestran que la sustitución del 5% de PLR no afecta la trabajabilidad de las mezclas, pues mantiene las resistencias mecánicas y mejora levemente las propiedades físicas. Por otro lado, las sustituciones del 10% de PLR afectan negativamente la trabajabilidad y reducen la resistencia a la tracción. Estos resultados se atribuyen a la actividad puzolánica y al efecto físico del PLR, cuyo desempeño puede ser mejorado si se reducen las partículas de PLR y se incrementa el área superficial específica (ASE). El uso de PLR como reemplazo del cemento Portland para la elaboración de hormigón es una alternativa viable con enfoque sostenible.
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