Modelling the kinetics of thin-layer yam (dioscorea rotundata) drying
Modelado de la cinética de secado de ñame (dioscorea rotundata) en capa delgada
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v28n2.14891Keywords:
diffusion coefficient, Page, mathematical model (en)coeficiente de difusión, Page, modelos matemáticos (es)
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Thin-layer yam (varieties 9811-089 and 9811-091) drying was evaluated in a laboratory-type dish dryer at 45°C, 55°C and 70°C and 1 m/s average air speed in the Universidad de Cordoba’s Applied Engineering laboratory. The samples were 3.19 cm long, 0.5 cm thick, in 0.5x3x5 cm slices. The effects of temperature, variety and geometry on drying-time were evaluated using a completely random factorial adjustment design: temperature (45°C, 55°C and 70°C), geometry (slices and fillets) and variety (9811-089 and 9811-091). Three repetitions were made per treatment, producing a 28.15% reduction in drying time at 70°C. Drying curves were constructed from the obtained results; it was observed that drying took place during the decreasing period, proving that diffusion was the mechanism involved in Discorea rotundata drying for the studied varieties. Drying curves were adjusted to Page, diffusion, Thompson, Newton, modified Page, Henderson and Pabis mathematical models. The logarithmic model (determined by determination coefficient (R2)) estimated mean error (SE) and relative mean deviation (%P), showing that the logarithmic model better described the drying process (R2 ≥ 99.17 and SE ≤ 0.0299).
El secado de ñame en capa delgada, de las variedades 9811-089 y 9811-091, fue evaluado en un secador de laboratorio tipo bandeja a temperaturas de 45, 55 y 70 °C y velocidad de aire promedio de 1 m/s, en el Laboratorio de Ingeniería Aplicada de la Universidad de Córdoba; las muestras fueron adecuadas en geometría de rodajas de radio 3,19 cm y espesor de 0,5 cm y láminas de 0,5x3x5 cm. Se evaluó el efecto de la temperatura, variedad y geometría en el tiempo de secado, empleando un diseño completamente al azar en arreglo factorial con tres factores: temperatura (45, 55 y 70 °C), geometría (rodajas y láminas) y variedad (9811-089 y 9811-091), realizando tres repeticiones por tratamiento utilizando, dando como resultado una disminución en el tiempo de secado del 28,15% para la temperatura de 70 °C. Con los resultados obtenidos fueron construidas las curvas de secado, en las cuales se observó que este proceso tuvo lugar en el periodo decreciente, lo que evidencia que la difusión es el mecanismo que gobierna el secado de Dioscorea rotundata para las variedades estudiadas. Las curvas de secado fueron ajustadas a los modelos matemáticos de Page, difusión, Thompsom, Newton, Page modificado, Henderson y Pabis y el modelo logarítmico, determinando mediante el coeficiente de determinación (R2), error medio estimado (SE) y desvío medio relativo (%P), que el modelo logarítmico es el que mejor describe el proceso de secado (R2 ≥ 99.17 y SE ≤ 0.0299).
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Copyright (c) 2008 Everaldo Joaquín Montes Montes, Ramiro Torres Gallo, Ricardo David Andrade Pizarro, Omar Andrés Pérez Sierra, José Luis Marimon Escobar, Isabel Inés Meza Herazo
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