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Topographical characteristics and evaluating water quality in watershed management
Características topográficas y evaluación del agua en el manejo de cuencas hidrográficas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v28n3.15125Keywords:
relief, morphometric characteristics, watershed, environment, land-use management (en)características morfométricas, cuenca hidrográfica, medio ambiente, uso de suelo (es)
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Se evaluaron características topográficas y muestras de agua en un cauce de la hacienda Gloria, município Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil. Las características morfométricas del relieve y del agua fueron estudiadas en una pequeña cuenca hidrográfica, considerando zonas protegidas con bosque nativo y aquellas que presentaban uso agrícola de la tierra para ajustar la hipótesis de que el uso de ella afecta la calidad del agua y ayuda a predecir cómo se producen los cambios en este y en el local paisaje circundante. La calidad del agua fue evaluada en seis sitios y se analizaron los cambios de los parámetros físicos y químicos. Las muestras fueron recolectadas el mismo día de cada mes, durante un año, mediante un equipo de Horiba. Para determinar diferencias entre los sitios estudiados se realizó el análisis de varianza (Anova). El análisis de los datos presentó diferencias significativas de pH, conductividad eléctrica, turbidez, oxígeno disuelto y temperatura. Las características topográficas han sido influenciadas por las actividades agrícolas, impactando el medio ambiente. La escorrentía superficial es predominante en las laderas pronunciadas, sobre todo en las zonas altas de la cuenca. Los resultados indican la fragilidad de la cuenca agrícola a la exposición de contaminantes o agentes tóxicos, debido a la turbidez en el agua causada por la erosión de los suelos, la deposición de residuos agrícolas y por la escorrentía superficial.
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1. Jagadeesh Anmala, Ouida W. Meier, Albert J. Meier, Scott Grubbs. (2015). GIS and Artificial Neural Network–Based Water Quality Model for a Stream Network in the Upper Green River Basin, Kentucky, USA. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 141(5) https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000801.
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Copyright (c) 2008 Teresa Cristina Tarlé Pissarra, Flavia Mazzer Rodrigues, Christiano Luna Arraes, João Antonio Galbiatti, Maurício José Borges
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