Pesticide sorption and desorption from soils having different land use
Caracterización de la sorción y desorción de herbicidas en suelos con diferentes tipos de ocupación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v28n3.15127Keywords:
agrochemical product, pesticide, contamination, water, sorption, desorption, organic matter, buffer zone (en)plaguicidas, contaminación, agua, sorción, desorción, materia orgánica, zonas amortiguadoras (es)
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This study was carried out within the framework of a multidisciplinary project for evaluating buffer zones for combating pesticide contamination of surface water. Such areas are effective in removing pesticides transported by run-off; however, little information is available about the fate of the pesticides so intercepted. Two herbicides having contrasting properties (isoproturon, moderately hydrophobic (log Kow = 2.5), diflufenican, strongly hydrophobic (log Kow = 4.9)) and isopropylaniline (an isoproturon metabolite) were used for characterising sorption and desorption from soil having three different land uses: grass buffer strip, woodland and cultivated plot. The experiments were carried out in controlled laboratory conditions using isoproturon labelled with 14C in the benzene ring. The results demonstrated that diflufenican and isopropilaniline retention was more significant than isoproturon in three soils. The three molecules’ Kd values revealed that isoproturon and diflufenicanil retention was more important in woodland soil where carbon content was more significant (ZB 0-2: Kd IPU = 15.1 Ls kg-1; Kd DFF = 169.2 Ls kg-1). Isopropilanilina Kd was higher in grass buffer strip soil (BE 0-2: Kd IPA = 53.1 L kg-1). These differences were related to different organic matter content and nature according to the type of land use.
Este trabajo se realizó dentro del marco de un proyecto multidisciplinario sobre la evaluación de la utilización de zonas amortiguadoras como uno de los mecanismos para combatir la contaminación de aguas superficiales por plaguicidas. Estas zonas son eficaces para detener los plaguicidas transportados en las escorrentías, pero no existe mucha información sobre el futuro de las moléculas interceptadas. En el trabajo se evaluó la sorción y la desorción de dos herbicidas con propiedades muy diferentes: el isoproturon, moderadamente hidrófobo (log Kow = 2,5), la diflufenicanil, fuertemente hidrófobo (log Kow = 4,9), y la isopropilanilina, un metabolito de la isoproturon, en suelos con diferentes tipos de ocupación, barreras de hierba, zonas arboladas y parcelas de cultivo. Los experimentos se realizaron en laboratorio utilizando las moléculas marcadas con 14C. Los resultados muestran que la diflufenicanil y la isopropilanilina son más retenidos que el isoproturon en los tres suelos. Los valores de Kd de las tres moléculas revelan que la sorción del isoproturon y la diflufenicanil es más fuerte en el horizonte superficial de la zona arbolada, donde el contenido de carbono es más importante (ZB 0-2: Kd IPU = 15,1 L kg-1; Kd DFF = 169,2 L kg-1). En el caso del isopropilanilina, el Kd más elevado es determinado en el horizonte superficial de la barrera de hierba (BE 0-2: Kd IPA = 53.1 L kg-1). Estos resultados están relacionados con el diferente contenido y naturaleza de materia orgánica de acuerdo con el tipo de ocupación del suelo.
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Copyright (c) 2008 Ismael Madrigal Monárrez, Pierre Benoit, Enrique Barriuso, Benoît Réal, Alain Dutertre, Michel Moquet, Maria Trejo Hernández, Laura Ortíz Hernández

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