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Growth and Production of rice (Oryza Sativa l.) under different fertilization plans with Silicon
Crecimiento y producción de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) bajo diferentes planes de ferti-lización con silicio
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v37n1.59344Keywords:
Fertilizer, physiology, tillering, plant height, double logistic sigmoid (en)fertilizante, fisiología, macollamiento, altura de planta, logístico doble sigmoide. (es)
The application of fertilizers to rice crops constitutes a large percentage of productions costs, which in recent years have increased; therefore, it is necessary to implement alternatives that optimize the application and improve profitability. It was evaluated the effect of different doses and application times of a fertilizer with silicon on a rice crop, Fedearroz 50 variety. The experimental design was completely randomized with a 2 x 5 factorial arrangement. The first factor was dose (20 and 40 kg ha-1) and the second factor was combination of period and application dose (100% preplant, 50% preplant + 50% first fertilization, 100% first fertilization, 50% preplant +50% second fertilization, 100% second fertilization) for a total of 10 treatments that were applied in 2 locations (Ibagué and El Guamo). We found that the preplant fertilizer applications increased the production of root biomass throughout the crop cycle and that the biomass of the stems and leaves had a similar behavior with the two doses of silicon. The tillering in Ibagué presented a value of 520 clusters m-2, 127% higher than in El Guamo, which had a value of 229 clusters m-2, a highly significant difference. Throughout the period, height showed a behavior model double logistic sigmoid; the height of the rice plants was higher in El Guamo. In the two localities, Ibagué and El Guamo, the most appropriate fertilizer dose of silicon was 20 kg ha-1 in the second fertilization.
La aplicación de fertilizantes en el cultivo de arroz ocupa un gran porcentaje de los costos de producción, que en los últimos años han incrementado, por lo tanto, se hace necesario implementar alternativas que optimicen la aplicación y mejoren la rentabilidad. Se evaluó el efecto de diferentes dosis y épocas de un fertilizante con silicio en el cultivo de arroz, variedad Fedearroz 50. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar con factorial de 2 x 5. El primer factor fue la dosis (20 y 40 kg ha-1) y el segundo factor la combinación de época y dosis de aplicación (100% presiembra, 50% presiembra + 50% 1a abonada, 100% a la 1a abonada, 50% presiembra + 50% 2a abonada, 100% a la 2a abonada) para un total de 10 tratamientos, aplicados en 2 localidades (Ibagué y El Guamo). Se encontró que las aplicaciones del fertilizante en presiembra generaron una mayor producción de biomasa radical a lo largo del ciclo de cultivo; la biomasa de tallos y hojas tuvo un comportamiento similar con las dos dosis aplicadas de silicio. El macollamiento en Ibagué presentó un valor de 520 macollas/m2, un 127% más que en el guamo, que tuvo un valor de 229 macollas/m2, por lo que las diferencias entre localidades son altamente significativas. A lo largo del tiempo la altura presentó un comportamiento de modelo logístico doble sigmoideo, en donde la altura de las plantas de arroz fue mayor en la localidad de El Guamo. En las dos localidades, la dosis de silicio que generó mayor crecimiento y producción fue la de 20 kg ha-1 aplicada el 100% en segunda abonada.
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Copyright (c) 2017 Javier Giovanni Alvarez Herrera, Linda Paola Pinzón Gómez, Javier Enrique Vélez
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