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Study of Carbohydrate Hydrolysis From Arracacha Roots (Arracacia Xanthorriza Bancroft) to Produce Fermentable Sugars
Estudio de hidrólisis de carbohidratos en raíces de Arracacha (Arracacia Xanthorriza Bancroft) para producir azúcares fermentables
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v41n2.87365Keywords:
Chemical hydrolysis, Enzymatic hydrolysis, Fermentation inhibitors, Reducing sugars (en)Hidrólisis química, Hidrólisis enzimática, Inhibidores de fermentación, Azúcares reductores (es)
In Colombia, approximately 855 840 tons of arracacha are produced each year. The unsalable postharvest arracacha root (Arracacia xanthorriza Bancroft) is not commercialized, mainly due to mechanical damage or small and misshapen roots. In this work, dry samples were characterized and subjected to two treatments: one using thermal hydrolysis, applying saturated steam at pressures of 0,1034 MPa, 0,2068 MPa, and 0,4137 MPa; and another one using hydrolysis with sulfuric acid in concentrations between 0,252,00 M. Then, the cake resulting from the hydrolysis and filtration process was enzymatically hydrolyzed (Liquozyme SC DS, Novozymes) at 1,5, 5 and 10 KNU/g (pH 6, 80 _C, 2 h). Fermentation inhibitors (acetic acid and furfural) were evaluated in the best pretreatment. The results showed that the treatment with sulfuric acid at 1,00 M (2 h) has high yields in reducing sugars added to enzymatic hydrolysis. The maximum level of fermentable carbohydrates per gram of dry sample (1,04 g/g) was also reached. Regarding the fermentation inhibitors of the reducing sugar, a higher concentration of acetic acid was found with a lower furfural content. Therefore, arracacha discards are a promising raw material to increase the supply of bioethanol.
En Colombia se producen aproximadamente 855 840 toneladas anuales de arracacha. La raíz de arracacha postcosecha no vendible (Arracacia xanthorriza Bancroft) no se comercializa, principalmente debido a daños mecánicos o raíces pequeñas y deformadas. En este trabajo, las muestras secas fueron caracterizadas y sometidas a dos tratamientos: uno con hidrólisis térmica aplicando vapor saturado a presiones de 0,1034 MPa, 0,2068 MPa y 0,4137 MPa; y el otro de hidrólisis con ácido sulfúrico en concentraciones entre 0,252,00 M. Luego, la torta resultante del proceso de hidrólisis y filtración se hidrolizó enzimáticamente (Liquozyme SC DS, Novozymes) a 1,5, 5 y 10 KNU/g (pH 6, 80 _C, 2 h). Se evaluaron los inhibidores de fermentación (ácido acético y furfural) en el mejor pretratamiento. Los resultados mostraron que el tratamiento con ácido sulfúrico a 1,00 M (2 h) tiene altos rendimientos en azúcares reductores adicionados a hidrólisis enzimática. También se alcanzó el nivel máximo de carbohidratos fermentables por gramo de muestra seca (1,04 g/g). En cuanto a los agentes inhibidores de la fermentación del azúcar reductor, se encontró una mayor concentración de ácido acético con contenido furfural menor. Por tanto, los residuos de arracacha son una materia prima prometedora para incrementar la oferta de bioetanol
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Copyright (c) 2021 Darwin Carranza Saavedra, Jorge Andrés Alvarado Nuñez, José Fernando Solanilla Duque, Claudia Patricia Valenzuela Real
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