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Prospectiva estratégica y agilidad estratégica. Revisión de las principales prácticas frente a contextos bajo incertidumbre
Strategic Foresight and Strategic Agility: A Review of Key Practices in Uncertain Contexts
Prospectiva estratégica e agilidade estratégica: revisão das principais práticas em contextos de incerteza
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v35n96.106386Palabras clave:
agilidad estratégica, contexto, incertidumbre, prácticas, prospectiva estratégica, revisión (es)strategic agility, context, uncertainty, practices, strategic foresight, review (en)
agilidade estratégica, contexto empresarial, incerteza, boas práticas, revisão sistemática, prospectiva estratégica (pt)
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La creciente incertidumbre en los entornos empresariales ha puesto la atención sobre el desarrollo de capacidades de previsión, adaptación y aprendizaje. Frente a ello, el presente trabajo tiene por objetivo estudiar el alcance de la prospectiva estratégica y la agilidad estratégica en estudios a nivel firma en contextos bajo incertidumbre e identificar las principales prácticas propuestas, desde ambos campos, para hacer frente a entornos inciertos. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática de artículos publicados en bases de datos académicas especializadas. Del análisis de 63 estudios teóricos y empíricos seleccionados, emerge que el alcance de los conceptos de prospectiva y agilidad estratégica no se encuentra delimitado con nitidez, y existen diversos puntos de superposición entre las actividades que comprenden. Como aporte central, se describen e integran las principales prácticas propuestas en la literatura para hacer frente a entornos bajo incertidumbre y, como resultado, se encuentra que la complementariedad entre los ejercicios prospectivos y de agilidad estratégica resulta ser el enfoque más adecuado, y que la teoría de las capacidades dinámicas constituye un marco propicio para estudios que buscan integrar las contribuciones de ambos campos frente a entornos inciertos. Entre sus limitaciones, se encuentra la consideración únicamente de publicaciones arbitradas y circunscritas a las bases académicas seleccionadas, donde es escasa la representatividad de artículos referidos a Latinoamérica.
The growing uncertainty in contemporary business environments has intensified the focus on developing organizational capabilities related to foresight, adaptation, and learning. In this context, the present study aims to examine the scope of strategic foresight and strategic agility in firm-level research conducted under conditions of uncertainty and to identify the primary practices proposed by both fields to navigate such environments. A systematic review of scholarly articles published in specialized academic databases was conducted. Based on the analysis of 63 selected theoretical and empirical studies, the review reveals that the conceptual boundaries between strategic foresight and strategic agility remain imprecise, with notable overlap in the activities encompassed by each domain. As a central contribution, the study describes and integrates the principal practices identified in the literature for coping with uncertainty. The findings suggest that combining foresight exercises with strategic agility practices constitutes the most effective approach for navigating volatile conditions. Furthermore, the dynamic capabilities framework emerges as a suitable theoretical lens for research aimed at integrating insights from both domains in response to environmental uncertainty. A key limitation of this review is its exclusive focus on peer-reviewed publications from selected academic databases, which offer limited representation of studies addressing the Latin American context.
A crescente incerteza nos ambientes empresariais tem despertado o interesse pelo desenvolvimento de capacidades de antecipação, adaptação e aprendizagem. Nesse contexto, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o escopo da prospectiva estratégica e da agilidade estratégica em estudos conduzidos no nível organizacional, identificando as principais práticas propostas por ambos os campos para lidar com contextos marcados pela incerteza. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de artigos publicados em bases de dados acadêmicas especializadas. A partir da análise de 63 estudos teóricos e empíricos selecionados, conclui-se que os conceitos de prospectiva e agilidade estratégica apresentam escopo delimitado, com vários pontos de sobreposição entre as atividades que os compõem. Como contribuição central, são descritas e integradas as práticas mais recorrentes na literatura voltadas ao enfrentamento de ambientes incertos. Os resultados indicam que a complementaridade entre os exercícios de prospectiva e agilidade estratégica configura a abordagem mais adequada, sendo a teoria das capacidades dinâmicas constitui um referencial teórico favorável para integrar as contribuições de ambos os campos diante de ambientes incertos. Entre as limitações do estudo, destaca-se a consideração exclusiva de publicações arbitradas e restritas às bases acadêmicas selecionadas, com baixa representatividade de artigos referentes à América Latina.
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