Publicado

2014-02-01

Rapid Internationalization of SMEs: Evidence from Born Global Firms in Chile

Rápida internacionalización de las PYME: Evidencia de empresas Born Global en Chile

A rápida internacionalização das PMEs: Exemplo de empresas Born Global no Chile

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v24n1spe.47614

Palabras clave:

Born Globals, Networks, SMEs, Chile (en)
Born globals, redes, PYME, Chile. (es)
Born globals, redes, PME, Chile (pt)

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Autores/as

  • Christian A. Cancino Universidad de Chile
The literature on born global firms in developed countries has revealed some factors that influence the rapid internationalization of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), such as the technological level of the sector in which the firm participates, psychological and geographical distances from the target markets, and the existence of contact networks. To date, little research has been carried out on this topic for Latin American countries. This paper explores how certain determinants influence Chilean born global firms. A logistic regression model is used to analyze 112 SMEs with regular export activities. The results show that Chilean born global firms are influenced by national and international contact networks that their founders are able to generate. The psychological distance between Chilean SMEs and developed countries in Asia, North America and Europe also influences the internationalization of Chilean SMEs. The principal characteristic of Chilean born global firms is their lack of participation in highly technological sectors, with these SMEs instead being involved in sectors that actively exploit natural resources. The results of this study permit certain public policy recommendations to be made that might boost the development of export SMEs.
La literatura que investiga sobre empresas born global países desarrollados ha revelado algunos factores que influencian la rápida internacionalización de pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYME), como el nivel tecnológico del sector en que participa la PYME, las distancias psicológicas y geográficas con los mercados objetivos y la existencia de redes de contacto. Hasta ahora, no es mucho lo que se ha investigado al respecto en países latinoamericanos. Este artículo busca explorar cómo algunos factores determinantes influencian a empresas born global chilenas. Un modelo de regresión logística se usa para analizar a 112 PYME que desarrollan de forma permanente actividades exportadoras. Los resultados muestran que las empresas born global chilenas están influenciadas por las redes de contacto, nacionales e internacionales, que pueden generar sus propios fundadores. Asimismo, la distancia psicológica para las PYME chilenas con respecto a los países desarrollados de Asia, América del Norte y Europa también influencia la internacionalización de una PYME chilena. La principal característica de las empresas born global chilenas estudiadas es su falta de participación en sectores de mayor nivel tecnológico, estableciéndose principalmente en sectores que explotan de forma intensiva recursos naturales. Algunas recomendaciones de política pública para fortalecer el desarrollo de un mayor número de PYME exportadoras pueden proponerse según los resultados de este artículo.
A literatura que pesquisa sobre empresas born global em países desenvolvidos revelou alguns fatores que influenciam a rápida internacionalização de pequenas e médias empresas (PME), como o nível tecnológico do setor no qual a PME participa, as distâncias psicológicas e geográficas com os mercados objetivos e a existência de redes de contato. Até agora, não é muito o que foi pesquisado a esse respeito em países latino-americanos. Este artigo busca explorar como alguns fatores determinantes influenciam empresas born global chilenas. Um modelo de regressão logística é utilizado para analisar 112 PMEs que realizam, permanentemente, atividades de exportação. Os resultados mostram que as empresas born global chilenas estão influenciadas pelas redes de contato, nacionais e internacionais, que os seus próprios fundadores podem gerar. Igualmente, a distância psicológica das PMEs chilenas com relação aos países desenvolvidos da Ásia, América do Norte e Europa também influencia a internacionalização de uma PME chilena. A principal característica das empresas born global chilenas estudadas é a sua falta de participação em setores de maior nível tecnológico, estabelecendose principalmente em setores que exploram, de maneira intensiva, recursos naturais. Algumas recomendações de política pública para fortalecer o desenvolvimento de um maior número de PMEs exportadoras podem ser propostas segundo os resultados deste artigo.

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Cancino, C. A. (2014). Rápida internacionalización de las PYME: Evidencia de empresas Born Global en Chile. Innovar, 24(1Spe), 141-151. https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v24n1spe.47614

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