Publicado

2017-01-01

Metodología para el análisis de problemas y limitaciones en emprendimientos universitarios

METHODOLOGY FOR THE ANALYSIS OF PROBLEMS AND LIMITATIONS IN UNIVERSITY ENTREPRENEURSHIPS

METODOLOGIA PARA A ANÁLISE DE PROBLEMAS E LIMITAÇÕES EM EMPREENDIMENTOS UNIVERSITÁRIOS

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v26n63.60669

Palabras clave:

Emprendimiento, universidades, metodología, problemas y conflictos (es)
Entrepreneurship, universities, methodology, problems and conflicts (en)
Empreendimento, universidades, metodologia, problemas e conflitos (pt)

Autores/as

Los emprendimientos universitarios se caracterizan por ser una actividad de alto riesgo, debido al elevado número de factores que influyen en su desarrollo, ya sean sociales, económicos o tecnológicos. A estos factores, se suma la inexperiencia de los emprendedores universitarios en la utilización de métodos, técnicas y herramientas, que les permitan alcanzar el éxito. Por ello, la definición adecuada de una estrategia es relevante, con miras a aumentar las posibilidades de éxito de un emprendimiento, además de ayudar a atenuar y disminuir el riesgo de este. Sin embargo, los emprendedores universitarios no siempre cuentan con las capacidades y el conocimiento necesario que les permita crear un análisis apropiado, lo que trae como consecuencia una mayor dificultad en el proceso de obtención de información relevante, así como en la planificación de sus actividades y de los recursos que posee. Frente a esta problemática, el proceso de enseñanza de los emprendedores requiere de nuevas herramientas, técnicas y métodos que les permitan evaluar y anticipar problemas, con el fin de disminuir el riesgo futuro de su emprendimiento. Teniendo en cuenta esta premisa, este artículo presenta una metodología estructurada, que tiene como objetivo contextualizar y analizar un emprendimiento universitario, pero teniendo en cuenta para ello los recursos reales que este posee, junto a la priorización de soluciones que los emprendedores puedan aplicar, con base en la teoría de resolución de problemas de inventiva.

University entrepreneurships are typically a high risk activity due to several factors that influence their development, whether these are social, economic or technological. The lack of expertise by university entrepreneurs regarding methods, techniques and tools to achieve success is added to those factors. Therefore, the adequate definition of a complete strategy is important for increasing the chances for success and mitigate risk. However, university entrepreneurs do not always count on the necessary abilities and knowledge for a proper analysis, leading to bigger difficulties in the process for obtaining important information, as well as in the process of planning activities and the resources available. Regarding this issue, the training process of entrepreneurs requires of new tools, techniques and methods that enable them to foresee and assess problems, with the aim of diminishing risks in their future business projects. In this sense, this paper introduces a structured methodology for contextualizing and analyzing a university entrepreneurship, bearing in mind the real available resources of the entrepreneur. The priorization of solutions that entrepreneurs may apply are taken into account as well based on the Theory of Inventive Problem-solving (TRIZ).
Os empreendimentos universitários caracterizam-se por serem uma atividade de alto risco, devido ao elevado número de fatores que influem em seu desenvolvimento, sociais, econômicos ou tecnológicos. A esses fatores, soma-se a inexperiência dos empreendedores universitários na utilização de métodos, técnicas e ferramentas, que lhes permitam atingir o sucesso. Por isso, a definição adequada de uma estratégia é relevante, tendo em vista aumentar as possibilidades de sucesso de um empreendimento, além de ajudar a atenuar e diminuir o risco deste. No entanto, os empreendedores universitários nem sempre contam com as capacidades e o conhecimento necessários que lhes permita criar uma análise apropriada, o que traz como consequência uma maior dificuldade no processo de obtenção de informação relevante, bem como no planejamento de suas atividades e dos recursos que possui. Diante dessa problemática, o processo de ensino dos empreendedores requer novas ferramentas, técnicas e métodos que lhes permitam avaliar e antecipar problemas, com o fim de diminuir o risco futuro de seu empreendimento. Considerando essa premissa, este artigo apresenta uma metodologia estruturada, que tem como objetivo contextualizar e analisar um empreendimento universitário, mas levando em conta para isso os recursos reais que este possui, junto à prio-rização de soluções que os empreendedores possam aplicar, com base na Teoria de Resolução de Problemas Inventivos TRIZ.

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Cómo citar

Nikulin, C., Viveros, P., Dorochesi, M., Crespo Márquez, A., & Lay, P. (2017). Metodología para el análisis de problemas y limitaciones en emprendimientos universitarios. Innovar, 27(63), 91-106. https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v26n63.60669