Publicado

2019-01-01

How to Stimulate an Entrepreneurial Ecosystem? Experiences of North American and European Universities

¿Cómo estimular un ecosistema emprendedor? Experiencias de universidades norteamericanas y europeas

Como estimular um ecossistema empreendedor? Experiências de universidades norte-americanas e europeias

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v29n71.76392

Palabras clave:

transferencia de tecnología, spin-offs académicos, ecosistema emprendedor (en)
Technology transfer, academic spin-offs, entrepreneurial ecosystem (es)
ecossistema empreendedor, spin-offs acadêmicos, transferência de tecnologia (pt)

Autores/as

This article identifies and analyzes initiatives to stimulate the creation of spin-offs in seven universities. For this, we developed a multiple case study at the University of Georgia, University of California, the Polytechnic University of Valencia, University of Porto, the University of Cambridge, the University of Strathclyde and the University of Bristol. Interviews, as well as observations and documentary analysis were conducted in these institutions. The results achieved were then compared. Among the identified initiatives, we observed the capital participation in all universities and also proof of concept funding in the universities of Georgia and California.
 
Este artículo identifica y analiza iniciativas para estimular la creación de spin-offs en siete universidades. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un estudio de caso múltiple en la Universidad de Georgia, la Universidad de California, la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, la Universidad de Oporto, la Universidad de Cambridge, la Universidad de Strathclyde y la Universidad de Bristol, acudiendo a la realización de entrevistas, observaciones y análisis documental. Los resultados obtenidos fueron comparados, permitiendo identificar iniciativas como la participación de capital en todas las universidades estudiadas, así como evidencia de financiamiento en modalidad prueba de concepto (proof-of-concept) en las universidades de Georgia y California.
Este artigo identifica e analisa iniciativas para estimular a criação de spin-offs em sete universidades. Para isso, fez-se um estudo de caso múltiplo na Universidade de Georgia, na Universidade da Califórnia, na Universidade Politécnica de Valência, na Universidade de Oporto, na Universidade de Cambridge, na Universidade de Strathclyde e na Universidade de Bristol, recorrendo à realização de entrevistas e ao uso de observação participante e análise documental. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados e permitiram identificar iniciativas como a participação de capital em todas as universidades estudadas, assim como evidência de financiamento em modalidade “prova de conceito” (proof-of-concept) nas universidades da Geórgia e da Califórnia.

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Cómo citar

APA

Ramalho De Oliveira, M. & Vitale Torkomian, A. L. (2019). How to Stimulate an Entrepreneurial Ecosystem? Experiences of North American and European Universities. Innovar, 29(71), 11–24. https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v29n71.76392

ACM

[1]
Ramalho De Oliveira, M. y Vitale Torkomian, A.L. 2019. How to Stimulate an Entrepreneurial Ecosystem? Experiences of North American and European Universities. Innovar. 29, 71 (ene. 2019), 11–24. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v29n71.76392.

ACS

(1)
Ramalho De Oliveira, M.; Vitale Torkomian, A. L. How to Stimulate an Entrepreneurial Ecosystem? Experiences of North American and European Universities. Innovar 2019, 29, 11-24.

ABNT

RAMALHO DE OLIVEIRA, M.; VITALE TORKOMIAN, A. L. How to Stimulate an Entrepreneurial Ecosystem? Experiences of North American and European Universities. Innovar, [S. l.], v. 29, n. 71, p. 11–24, 2019. DOI: 10.15446/innovar.v29n71.76392. Disponível em: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/innovar/article/view/76392. Acesso em: 14 mar. 2026.

Chicago

Ramalho De Oliveira, Meire, y Ana Lúcia Vitale Torkomian. 2019. «How to Stimulate an Entrepreneurial Ecosystem? Experiences of North American and European Universities». Innovar 29 (71):11-24. https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v29n71.76392.

Harvard

Ramalho De Oliveira, M. y Vitale Torkomian, A. L. (2019) «How to Stimulate an Entrepreneurial Ecosystem? Experiences of North American and European Universities», Innovar, 29(71), pp. 11–24. doi: 10.15446/innovar.v29n71.76392.

IEEE

[1]
M. Ramalho De Oliveira y A. L. Vitale Torkomian, «How to Stimulate an Entrepreneurial Ecosystem? Experiences of North American and European Universities», Innovar, vol. 29, n.º 71, pp. 11–24, ene. 2019.

MLA

Ramalho De Oliveira, M., y A. L. Vitale Torkomian. «How to Stimulate an Entrepreneurial Ecosystem? Experiences of North American and European Universities». Innovar, vol. 29, n.º 71, enero de 2019, pp. 11-24, doi:10.15446/innovar.v29n71.76392.

Turabian

Ramalho De Oliveira, Meire, y Ana Lúcia Vitale Torkomian. «How to Stimulate an Entrepreneurial Ecosystem? Experiences of North American and European Universities». Innovar 29, no. 71 (enero 1, 2019): 11–24. Accedido marzo 14, 2026. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/innovar/article/view/76392.

Vancouver

1.
Ramalho De Oliveira M, Vitale Torkomian AL. How to Stimulate an Entrepreneurial Ecosystem? Experiences of North American and European Universities. Innovar [Internet]. 1 de enero de 2019 [citado 14 de marzo de 2026];29(71):11-24. Disponible en: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/innovar/article/view/76392

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CrossRef citations3

1. Johnson Laosebikan, Oluwatimileyin Helen Adigun, Seun Oladele, Femi Oladele, Toluwalase Fadun. (2024). Exploring Entrepreneurship. , p.305. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56343-0_13.

2. Carlos Alberto Ramos Torres, Noela Invernizzi . (2022). Spin-offs acadêmicas e seus determinantes exógenos. Revista Brasileira de Inovação, 21, p.e022021. https://doi.org/10.20396/rbi.v21i00.8666181.

3. Lydia Schaap, Femke Nijland, Miriam Cents-Boonstra, Kristin Vanlommel. (2025). A Framework Supporting the Innovative Capacity of Higher Education Institutions: An Integrative Literature Review. Sustainability, 17(14), p.6517. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146517.

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