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Digital Transformation: A Systematic Literature Review from the Theoretical Lenses of the TOE Framework
Transformación digital: una revisión sistemática de la literatura desde la mirada teórica del marco TOE
Transformação digital: uma revisão sistemática da literatura do ponto de vista teórico do modelo TOE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v34n93.98245Palabras clave:
barriers, digital transformation, drivers, systematic literature review, TOE framework (en)Barreras, transformación digital, propulsores, revisión sistemática de la literatura, marco TOE (es)
barreiras, transformação digital, motivadores, revisão sistemática da literatura, modelo TOE (pt)
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Digital Transformation (DT) is a topic of the digital world that is not stable nor clear, because it is a complex concept of diffuse understanding that remains under discussion. This article aims to analyze the academic literature on this topic, through the theoretical lenses of the technological, organizational, and environmental (TOE) framework, for unveiling the scope of DT in a business context. Through a systematic literature review we found the TOE factors, barriers and drivers involved in DT, and we analyzed the TOE orientation of research in this field. The main results that emerge from this study suggest that most of the research in DT is focused on organizational and technological issues while the environmental factors have received less attention in the analyzed literature. The findings of this research provide a broader view of the TOE factors that mediate in the DT, and they emphasize three actions to give way the DT in a company. Finally, this study provides some elements for a better understanding and conceptualization about this phenomenon. Our results come from a variety of organizational circumstances that have been presented in the selected literature. Even if we did not focus on a single industry, we were able to get some tendencies about the research in DT.
La transformación digital (TD) es una temática del entorno digital que aún no resulta ser del todo clara, ya que se trata de un concepto complejo y de comprensión difusa que continúa siendo objeto de discusión. Por ello, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo comprender la TD desde la perspectiva teórica del marco tecnológico, organizacional y del entorno (TOE). Con tal fin, se lleva a cabo una revisión sistemática de la literatura que pretende identificar los factores, propulsores y limitantes de la TD dentro de las dimensiones del marco TOE. Asimismo, este trabajo analiza la orientación de las definiciones y la investigación sobre TD desde el enfoque TOE. Los principales hallazgos indican que los determinantes de la TD se centran mayormente en cuestiones organizacionales y tecnológicas, mientras que los factores asociados al entorno tradicionalmente han recibido menor atención. Los resultados de esta investigación proporcionan una visión más amplia de los factores del marco TOE que median en la TD, lo que permite una mejor comprensión y conceptualización de este fenómeno, además de proponer tres líneas de acción para el abordaje de la TD por parte de las organizaciones. Estos hallazgos surgen del análisis de diversas situaciones organizacionales reportadas en la literatura seleccionada. Es pertinente mencionar que incluso cuando el enfoque del análisis no se centró en una sola industria, fue posible identificar algunas tendencias en la investigación sobre TD en varios sectores.
A transformação digital (TD) é um tópico no ambiente digital que ainda não está totalmente claro, pois é um conceito complexo e de compreensão difusa que continua sendo objeto de discussão. Portanto, este artigo tem como objetivo compreender a TD a partir da perspectiva teórica do modelo tecnologia-organização-ambiente (TOE, em inglês). Para isso, é realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura para identificar os fatores, os motivadores e as limitações da TD dentro das dimensões do modelo TOE. Além disso, neste trabalho, analisa-se a orientação das definições e das pesquisas sobre TD a partir da abordagem TOE. As principais constatações indicam que os determinantes da TD se concentram principalmente em questões organizacionais e tecnológicas, enquanto os fatores associados ao ambiente tradicionalmente recebem menos atenção. Os resultados desta pesquisa fornecem uma visão mais ampla dos fatores do modelo TOE que medeiam a TD, permitindo uma melhor compreensão e conceituação desse fenômeno, além de propor três linhas de ação para as organizações abordarem a TD. Essas conclusões emergem da análise de várias situações organizacionais relatadas na literatura selecionada. É pertinente mencionar que, mesmo quando o foco da análise não estava em uma única indústria, foi possível identificar algumas tendências na pesquisa de DT em vários setores.
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