Preservice Teachers’ Perceptions of C1 English Proficiency in a Chilean Teacher Education Program
Percepciones de docentes en formación sobre el nivel de dominio de inglés C1 en un programa chileno de formación docente
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/profile.v27n1.115643Keywords:
C1 level, Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, English language proficiency, English language teaching standards, teacher education (en)estándares para la enseñanza del inglés, formación docente, nivel C1, nivel de dominio del inglés, Marco común europeo de referencia para las lenguas (es)
This mixed-methods study examined preservice teachers’ perceptions of C1 English proficiency, focusing on their linguistic competence, understanding, attitudes, and challenges. Conducted at a university in Ñuble, Chile, with 13 participants, data were gathered through a closed-ended questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. Findings suggest that perceived linguistic competence improves as students advance academically. Although participants’ understanding of the C1 level was often fragmented, they acknowledged the difficulty of achieving it and the importance of mastering grammar by graduation. Despite challenges, participants held positive attitudes toward the C1 standard. These findings aim to help teacher education programs better support preservice teachers’ progress toward C1 proficiency.
Este estudio mixto examinó las percepciones de docentes en formación sobre el dominio del inglés C1, centrándose en su competencia lingüística, comprensión, actitudes y desafíos. Realizado en una universidad en Ñuble, Chile, con 13 participantes, los datos se recopilaron mediante un cuestionario cerrado y una entrevista semiestructurada. Los resultados sugieren que la percepción de competencia lingüística mejora con el avance académico. Aunque su comprensión del nivel C1 era fragmentada, los participantes reconocieron la dificultad e importancia de dominar la gramática al graduarse. Pese a los desafíos, mostraron actitudes positivas hacia este estándar. Estos hallazgos buscan ayudar a los programas de formación docente a apoyar mejor el progreso de los futuros docentes hacia la competencia C1.
References
Cárdenas, R., & Chaves, O. (2013). English teaching in Cali. Teachers’ proficiency level described. Lenguaje, 41(2), 325–352. https://doi.org/10.25100/lenguaje.v41i2.4971
Charttrakul, K., & Damnet, A. (2021). Role of the CEFR and English teaching in Thailand: A case study of Rajabhat universities. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 12(2), 82–89. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1297093 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.12n.2.p.82
Council of Europe. (2001). Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, teaching, assessment. Cambridge University Press. https://bit.ly/409aToM
Council of Europe. (2020). Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, teaching, assessment (Companion volume). Council of Europe Publishing. www.coe.int/lang-cefr
Figueras, N. (2012). The impact of the CEFR. ELT Journal, 66(4), 477–485. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccs037
Hishamudin, N. A. Z., & Li, K. L. (2023). TESL pre-service teachers’ perceptions toward the implementation of CEFR: Awareness, challenges, and solutions. Anatolian Journal of Education, 8(2), 147–160. https://doi.org/10.29333/aje.2023.8210a
Kaur, P., & Jian, M. Z. (2022). The CEFR-aligned curriculum: Perspectives of Malaysian teachers. Asian Journal of Research in Education and Social Sciences, 4(1), 138–145. https://bit.ly/3AcTOzJ
Kostina, I. (2012). El nivel de dominio de inglés de los futuros profesores de lenguas: examen de competencias en inglés. Lenguaje, 40(2), 383–413. https://doi.org/10.25100/lenguaje.v40i2.4955
Little, D. (2007). The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Perspectives on the making of supranational language education policy. The Modern Language Journal, 91(4), 645–655. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2007.00627_2.x
Little, D. (2011). The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: A research agenda. Language Teaching, 44(3), 381–393. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444811000097
Ministerio de Educación de Chile. (2021). Estándares de la profesión docente. Carreras de pedagogía en inglés. Educación básica y media. https://bit.ly/3A0tTLN
Naser, M. S., & Ali, N. L. (2023). Using the CEFR for improving pre-service teachers’ communicative competence. Asian Social Science, 19(3), 15–25. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v19n3p15
Nii, A. T., & Yunus, M. M. (2022). Teachers’ perceptions on the implementation of Common European Framework Reference (CEFR) in an ESL classroom: The Malaysian context. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 10(6), 226–240. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2022.106018
Phoolaikao, W., & Sukying, A. (2021). Insights into CEFR and its implementation through the lens of preservice English teachers in Thailand. English Language Teaching, 14(6), 25–35. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v14n6p25
Ramírez-Draughn, R., & Cárdenas-Tamburini, N. (2023). English pedagogy students’ motivations towards the C1 advanced test as a tool to measure English language proficiency. RLA: Revista de Lingüística Teórica y Aplicada, 61(1), 169–190. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29393/RLA61-7EPRN20007
Ramos-García, A. M., & Fernández-Viciana, A. (2019). Pre-service teachers’ perception on their EFL competence and professional requirements. Language Teaching Research Quarterly, 13, 44–53. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1270212 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32038/ltrq.2019.13.04
Shukor, E. A., & Sulaiman, N. A. (2022). ESL teachers’ attitude and motivation towards CEFR implementation. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(6), 62–72. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v12-i6/13951
Van Loi, N., & Hang, C. T. T. (2021). Integrating project work into English proficiency courses for pre-service teachers’ training. TESL-EJ, 25(3). https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1332289
Yee, B. C., & Periasamy, V. (2019). English language teachers’ perceptions towards Malaysian University English Test (MUET) as a measure to test teachers’ language proficiency. Malaysian International Journal of Research in Teacher Education, 2, 94–103.
How to Cite
APA
ACM
ACS
ABNT
Chicago
Harvard
IEEE
MLA
Turabian
Vancouver
Download Citation
CrossRef Cited-by
1. Alfonso Jr Samillano, Grace Pastolero. (2025). English Proficiency Profile of BSEd Students: Implications for Student Enhancement Activity Material (SEAM). SSRN Electronic Journal, https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5258836.
Dimensions
PlumX
Article abstract page views
Downloads
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Jessica Vega-Abarzúa, Marco Morales, Constanza Olivo, Francisca Rubilar, Eduardo Gutiérrez-Turner

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
You are authorized to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format as long as you give appropriate credit to the authors of the articles and to Profile: Issues in Teachers' Professional Development as original source of publication. The use of the material for commercial purposes is not allowed. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
Authors retain the intellectual property of their manuscripts with the following restriction: first publication is granted to Profile: Issues in Teachers' Professional Development.






























