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Materiales conductores eléctricos compuestos de poliestireno reciclado y alótropos amorfos de carbono
Electrically conducting materials based on recycled polystyrene and amorphous carbon allotropes
Materiais condutores elétricos baseados em poliestireno reciclado e alótropos de carbono amorfo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rev.colomb.quim.v52n3.112674Keywords:
poliestireno, material compuesto, carbón activado, coque de carbón, carbón reciclado (es)polystyrene, composite material, activated carbon, recycled carbon, carbon coke (en)
poliestireno, material compósito, carvão ativado, carvão reciclado, coque de carvão (pt)
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La presente investigación tuvo como finalidad diseñar materiales compuestos utilizando poliestireno reciclado (PSR) e incorporando carbón activado (CA), carbón reciclado (CR) y coque de carbón (CQ) en concentraciones de 0,5 a 3% en peso. Para la obtención de los materiales compuestos utilizamos el método de mezclado en solución asistido por energía de ultrasonido. De acuerdo a los resultados de espectroscopia infrarroja por transformada de Fourier (FTIR), los alótropos amorfos no alteran la estructura del PSR, además el análisis termogravimétrico demostró que estos le brindan mayor estabilidad térmica. En cuanto al ángulo de contacto, se observó una tendencia hacia la hidroficilidad al incorporar los alótropos: se obtuvieron valores menores de 82° respecto al PSR con 126,2°. El material compuesto con mejor conductividad fue el PS/CA al 3% con un valor de 6,85 × 10-4, lo que indica una buena transferencia de carga del CA a la matriz polimérica. Los materiales compuestos obtenidos a partir de PSR le brindan propiedades mejoradas a este material, como la conductividad eléctrica, por lo tanto, el material puede ser utilizado para dispositivos de almacenamientos, conectores eléctricos, entre otros usos que le dan una nueva vida útil al material y disminuyen su impacto contaminante.
The purpose of this research was to design composite materials using recycled polystyrene (PSR) and incorporating activated carbon (CA), recycled carbon (CR) and carbon coke (CQ) in concentrations of 0.5 to 3% by weight. To obtain the composite materials, we used the solution mixing method assisted by ultrasound energy. According to the results of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the amorphous allotropes do not alter the structure of the PSR, and the thermogravimetric analysis showed that they provide greater thermal stability. As for the contact angle, a tendency towards hydrophilicity was observed when incorporating the allotropes: values lower than 82° were obtained with respect to the PSR with 126.2°. The composite material with the best conductivity was the PS/CA at 3% with a value of 6.85 × 10-4, which indicates a good charge transfer from the CA to the polymeric matrix. The composite materials obtained from PSR provide improved properties to this material, such as electrical conductivity, therefore, the material can be used for storage devices, electrical connectors, among other uses that give a new useful life to the material and decrease its polluting impact.
O objetivo desta pesquisa foi projetar materiais compostos usando poliestireno reciclado (PSR) e incorporando carvão ativado (CA), carvão reciclado (CR) e coque de carvão (CQ) em concentrações de 0,5 a 3% em peso. Para obter os materiais compostos, usamos o método de mistura de solução assistida por energia de ultrassom. De acordo com os resultados da espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR), os alótropos amorfos não alteram a estrutura do PSR, e a análise termogravimétrica mostrou que eles proporcionam maior estabilidade térmica. Quanto ao ângulo de contato, foi observada uma tendência à hidrofilicidade ao incorporar os alótropos: foram obtidos valores inferiores a 82° em relação ao PSR com 126,2°. O material composto com a melhor condutividade foi o PS/CA a 3% com um valor de 6,85 × 10-4, o que indica uma boa transferência de carga do CA para a matriz polimérica. Os materiais compostos obtidos a partir do PSR proporcionam propriedades aprimoradas a esse material, como a condutividade elétrica, portanto, o material pode ser usado para dispositivos de armazenamento, conectores elétricos, entre outros usos que dão uma nova vida útil ao material e diminuem seu impacto poluente.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Aide Sáenz Galindo, Alma Rosa Torres-Rodríguez, Francisco José González-González, Adali Olivia Castañeda-Facio
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