Hidro conversión de heptano sobre una bentonita colombiana y una saponita española pilarizadas con aluminio y activadas con ácido
Keywords:
montmorillonita, activación ácida (es)clay, pillared, montmorillonite, isomerization, bifunctional catalytic, acid activation (en)
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de establecer un paralelo entre los dos tipos de arcillas en su comportamiento frente a las modificaciones estudiadas.
Los sólidos fueron caracterizados por técnicas convencionales, tales como análisis químico, capacidad de intercambio catiónico, difracción de rayos X, acidez total y análisis de textura. Los resultados indican que los dos tipos de
arcilla fueron igualmente pilarizados con Al, independientemente del origen de la esmectita de partida.
Los resultados catalíticos en la hidroconversión de heptano, obtenidos sobre catalizadores bifuncionales (arcilla modificada impregnada con Pt) revelan que la AlP-saponita es más eficiente en la isomerización que la AIP-bentonita. Esta mayor eficiencia es atribuida a la presencia de sitios ácidos fuertes tipo Si-OH ... Al, los cuales están presentes únicamente en las esmectitas, donde las sustituciones isomórficas están localizadas en las láminas tetraédricas. En montmorillonitas (bentonita), estas sustituciones se encuentran presentes en las láminas octaédricas, de manera que este tipo de sitios ácidos son reducidos o simplemente están ausentes.
activated acid with clorhidric acid of different concentrations. The solids have been examined by X-ray diffraction. The textural properties, residual cation exchange capacities,
and acid contents have been established. The pillared clays exhibit stable thermally spacings, specific surface areas, and micropore typical of such materials. The catalytic properties have been evaluated over Pt impregnated samples in the heptane hydroconversion reaction. Al-pillared saponite show superior catalytic performance. The higher activity is attributed to the higher content and strength of the acid sites associated with Si-OH-AI groups produced upon proton attack of the tetrahedral Si-O-AI bonds. Such strong acid sites are absent in Al-pillared montmorillonites.
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