Percentiles y curvas de crecimiento para el peso, la altura y el índice de masa corporal de niños y adolescentes de 2 a 18 años de Huila, Colombia

Publicado

2023-07-01

Growth percentiles and growth curves for weight, height, and body mass index of children and adolescents aged 2-18 years from Huila, Colombia

Percentiles y curvas de crecimiento para el peso, la altura y el índice de masa corporal de niños y adolescentes de 2 a 18 años de Huila, Colombia

Palabras clave:

Growth, Body height, Body weight, Body mass index, Colombia (en)
Crecimiento, Estatura, Peso corporal, Índice de masa corporal, Colombia (es)

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Autores/as

José David López-Laiseca CIDEFES - Centro de Investigação em Desporto https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7900-6872
Luís Miguel Massuça CIDEFES - Centro de Investigação em Desporto | CPOL - Instituto Superior de Ciências Policiais e Segurança Interna - Lisbon - Portugal. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8786-3498

Resumen (en)
Resumen (es)

Introduction: Physical growth, in terms of weight, height and body mass index (BMI), is a relevant parameter that reflects the growth and development pattern of a community.

Objective: To construct reference growth curves for weight, height and BMI of children and adolescents (2-18 years) from the department of Huila, Colombia.

Materials and methods: Cross-sectional analytical study conducted using data from 130 599 children and adolescents (males, n=65 467; females, n=65 132) registered between 2009 and 2016 in the System for the Identification of Potential Beneficiaries of Social Programs. The LMS method was used to establish weight-for-age, height-for-age and BMI-for-age percentiles (3^rd, 10^th, 25^th, 50^th, 75^th, 90^th, 97^th) for each age range (every six months). Reference centile curves were created using the LMSchartmaker software.

Results: According to the 50^th percentile, the greatest increase of weight, height and BMI occurred in males between 13 and 14 years (5.09kg), 2 and 3 years (8.90cm), and 13 and 14 years (0.66kg/m²), respectively. In females, the greatest increase occurred between 12 and 13 years (4.54kg), 2 and 3 years (7.36cm), and 13 and 14 years (0.94kg/m²). Furthermore, at 18 years, weight, height, and BMI were 61.01kg, 168.58cm and 20.65kg/m² and 55.76kg, 157.64cm and 21.88kg/m² in males and females, respectively.

Conclusions: The reference weight-for-age and height-for-age growth values in the pediatric population of Huila are lower than the reference values described by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization, as well as those reported in European countries and in Colombia (the latter with the exception of height at 5 years and weight at 18 years in females).

Introducción. El crecimiento físico, en términos de peso, altura e índice de masa corporal (IMC), es un parámetro relevante que refleja el patrón de crecimiento y desarrollo de una comunidad.

Objetivo. Construir curvas de crecimiento de referencia para el peso, la altura y el IMC de niños y adolescentes (2-18 años) del departamento de Huila, Colombia.

Materiales y métodos. Estudio analítico transversal realizado con datos de 130 599 niños y adolescentes (varones, n=65 467; mujeres, n=65 132) registrados entre 2009 y 2016 en el Sistema de Identificación de Potenciales Beneficiarios de los Programas Sociales. Se utilizó el método LMS para establecer los percentiles (3, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90, 97) de peso, altura e IMC para cada rango de edad (cada seis meses). Las curvas centiles de referencia se crearon en el programa LMSchartmaker.

Resultados. Según el percentil 50, se observó que en los varones el mayor incremento en el peso, la altura y el IMC ocurre entre los 13 y 14 años (5.09kg), los 2 y 3 años (8.90cm) y los 13 y 14 años (0.66kg/m²), respectivamente, y en mujeres, entre los 12 y 13 años (4.54kg), los 2 y 3 años (7.36cm) y los 13 y 14 años (0.94kg/m²). Además, a los 18 años, el peso, la altura y el IMC en varones y mujeres fueron 61.01kg, 168.58cm y 20.65kg/m² y 55.76kg, 157.64cm y 21.88kg/m², respectivamente.

Conclusión. Los valores de referencia de crecimiento para peso y altura en la población pediátrica del Huila son inferiores a los valores de referencia del Centro para el Control y la Prevención de Enfermedades y la Organización Mundial de la Salud, así como de los descritos en países europeos y en Colombia (este último excepto en la altura a los 5 años y el peso a los 18 años del sexo femenino).

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