Publicado

2023-10-01

Elevated B12 levels and mortality among inpatients at a university hospital in Colombia

Hipervitaminemia B12 y mortalidad en pacientes hospitalizados en un hospital universitario en Colombia

Palabras clave:

Vitamin B12, Hematologic Neoplasms, Cancer, Mortality (en)
Vitamina B12, Neoplasia hematológica, Cáncer, Mortalidad (es)

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Autores/as

  • Luisana Molina-Pimienta Pontificia Universidad Javeriana - Facultad de Medicina – Departamento de Medicina Interna - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia. | Hospital Universitario San Ignacio - Departamento de Medicina Interna - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia. | Instituto Nacional de Cancerología – Unidad de Oncología - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5505-9710
  • Sandra Brigitte Amado-Garzón Pontificia Universidad Javeriana - Facultad de Medicina – Departamento de Medicina Interna - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia. | Hospital Universitario San Ignacio - Departamento de Medicina Interna - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-1805
  • Juan Camilo Salgado-Sánchez Pontificia Universidad Javeriana - Facultad de Medicina – Departamento de Medicina Interna - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia. | Hospital Universitario San Ignacio - Departamento de Medicina Interna - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5956-4834
  • Juan Manuel Vásquez-Jiménez Pontificia Universidad Javeriana - Facultad de Medicina – Departamento de Medicina Interna - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia. | Hospital Universitario San Ignacio - Departamento de Medicina Interna - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8689-9894

Introduction: An association between high vitamin B12 levels and the occurrence of multiple diseases has been reported.

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics of inpatients with high levels of vitamin B12, as well as their 1-year mortality rate.

Materials and methods: Retrospective observational study conducted in 93 patients with elevated B12 levels treated at the Hospital Universitario San Ignacio in Bogotá (Colombia) between 2013 and 2020. Data are described using measures of central tendency and dispersion. Bivariate analyses were performed (unpaired two-samples t-test, chi-square test or Mann-Whitney U test depending on the type of variable) to determine differences between patients with high B12 levels and those with very high levels.

Results: Participant’s median age was 68 years, 62.36% were male, and 61.29% had two or more comorbidities related to high B12 levels. In addition, in 86.02% of the patients, vitamin B12 level was not interpreted as abnormal by the treating physician. Significant differences were found between patients with high B12 levels and those with very high levels in terms of history of smoking (p=0.043) and the presence of systemic lupus erythematosus (p=0.012). Finally, the 1-year mortality rate was 59.13%.

Conclusion: The 1-year mortality rate was high, and a high percentage of patients had at least two comorbidities that were associated with high B12 levels. Moreover, in most of the participants, the treating physician did not correctly interpret the elevated level of this vitamin.

Introducción. Se ha reportado una asociación entre los niveles altos de vitamina B12 y la ocurrencia de múltiples enfermedades.

Objetivo. Describir las características clínicas de pacientes hospitalizados con hipervitaminemia B12, así como la tasa de mortalidad a 1 año.

Materiales y métodos. Estudio observacional retrospectivo realizado en 93 pacientes con hipervitaminemia B12 atendidos en el Hospital Universitario San Ignacio de Bogotá (Colombia) entre 2013 y 2020. Los datos se describen utilizando medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión. Se realizaron análisis bivariados (prueba t de dos colas no pareada, prueba chi-cuadrado o prueba U de Mann-Whitney según el tipo de variable) para determinar diferencias entre los pacientes con niveles altos de B12 y aquellos con niveles muy altos.

Resultados. La mediana de edad fue 68 años y el 62.36% de los pacientes eran hombres. El 61.29% de los participantes tenía dos o más comorbilidades asociadas con la hipervitaminemia B12. Además, en 86.02% el nivel de vitamina B12 no fue interpretado como anormal por el médico tratante. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en el antecedente de tabaquismo (p=0.043) y la presencia de lupus eritematoso sistémico (p=0.012) entre los pacientes con niveles altos de B12 y aquellos con niveles muy altos. Finalmente, la tasa de mortalidad a 1 año fue de 59.13%.

Conclusión. La tasa de mortalidad a 1 año fue alta y un elevado porcentaje de pacientes tenía al menos dos comorbilidades asociadas a la hipervitaminemia B12. Además, en la mayoría de participantes, el médico tratante no interpretó correctamente el nivel elevado de esta vitamina.

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