Association between abdominal circumference and being at risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Peruvian adults
Asociación entre perímetro abdominal y estar en riesgo de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en adultos peruanos
Palabras clave:
Waist Circumference, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Correlation of Data, Anthropometry, Risk (en)Circunferencia de la Cintura, Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2, Correlación de Datos, Antropometría, Riesgo (es)
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Introduction: Even though multiple risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been identified, evidence on the association between abdominal circumference (AC) and being at risk for this disease is scarce.
Objective: To analyze the association between AC and being at risk of developing T2DM in a Peruvian population.
Materials and methods: Cross-sectional analytical study. An analysis of secondary data obtained from the Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar peruana 2022 - ENDES (2022 Peruvian Demographic and Family Health Survey) (16 058 women and 12 349 men) was performed. The risk of T2DM was estimated using the diabetes risk score developed by Bang. Student's t-test was used to evaluate differences in AC between groups (DM2 risk vs. no DM2 risk). Furthermore, to evaluate the association between AC (normal vs. elevated) and being at risk of T2DM, first a bivariate analysis (Chi-square test and crude Odds ratio (OR) calculation) was performed, followed by a multivariate analysis (binary logistic regression). Finally, the correlation between AC and T2DM risk score was assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficient (Rho). Data for men and women are presented separately. Numerical analyses (Student's t and Spearman's Rho) were used to explore general relationships and trends, while categorical analyses (Chi-square and OR) were employed to assess specific associations that translate into practical risk criteria.
Results: The mean age of women and men was 37.32 and 39.26 years, respectively. The mean AC was higher in participants at risk of developing T2DM in both women and men (97.15cm vs. 89.257cm and 97.77cm vs. 85.128cm). In the bivariate analysis, having an elevated AC and being at risk of developing T2DM showed a statistically significant association of low intensity in women (V=0.115) and statistically significant of moderate intensity in men (V=0.519). In the multivariate analysis, it was found that having a high AC showed a 4.56-fold increase in the probability of being at risk of developing T2DM in women (OR=4.56) and a 24.54-fold increase in men (OR=24.54). Finally, the correlation between AC and the T2DM risk score was moderate in women (Rho=0.565) and strong in men (Rho=0.641).
Conclusions: Increased AC is associated with a higher probability of being at risk of developing T2DM in the Peruvian adult population, mainly in men.
Introducción. Aunque se han descrito múltiples factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2), la evidencia sobre la asociación entre el perímetro abdominal (PA) y estar en riesgo de esta enfermedad es escasa.
Objetivo. Evaluar la asociación entre el PA y estar en riesgo de DM2 en población peruana.
Materiales y métodos. Estudio analítico transversal. Se realizó un análisis de datos secundarios obtenidos a partir de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar peruana (ENDES) 2022 (16 058 mujeres y 12 349 hombres). El riesgo de DM2 se determinó usando el puntaje de riesgo de diabetes desarrollado por Bang. Se usó la prueba t de student para evaluar diferencias en el PA entre grupos (riesgo de DM2 vs. sin riesgo de DM2). Además, para evaluar la asociación entre el PA (normal vs. elevado) y estar en riesgo de DM2 primero se realizó un análisis bivariado (prueba de chi-cuadrado y cálculo de Odds ratio (OR) crudos) y luego, uno multivariado (regresión logística binaria). Finalmente, la correlación entre el PA y el puntaje de riesgo de DM2 se evaluó mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman (Rho). Los datos se presentan para hombres y mujeres por separado. Los análisis numéricos (t de student y Rho de Spearman) se emplearon para explorar relaciones y tendencias generales, mientras que los análisis categóricos (chi-cuadrado y OR), para evaluar asociaciones específicas que se traduzcan en criterios de riesgo práctico.
Resultados. La edad promedio en las mujeres y los hombres fue 37.32 y 39.26 años, respectivamente. El PA promedio fue más alto en los participantes con riesgo de DM2, tanto en mujeres como en hombres (97.15cm vs. 89.257cm y 97.77cm vs. 85.128cm). En el análisis bivariado, tener un PA elevado y estar en riesgo de DM2 mostró una asociación estadísticamente significativa de baja intensidad en las mujeres (V=0.115) y estadísticamente significativa de intensidad moderada en los hombres (V=0.519). En el análisis multivariado se encontró que tener un PA elevado aumentó la probabilidad de estar en riesgo de DM2 4.56 veces en las mujeres (OR=4.56) y 24.54 veces en los hombres (OR=24.54). Finalmente, la correlación entre el PA y la puntuación de riesgo de DM2 fue moderada en las mujeres (Rho=0.565) y fuerte en los hombres (Rho=0.641).
Conclusiones. El PA elevado está asociado con una mayor probabilidad de estar en riesgo de DM2 en población adulta peruana, principalmente en hombres.
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