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Frequency of unmet physical needs in patients with chronic oncological or cardiovascular diseases in Popayán, Colombia
Frecuencia de necesidades físicas no satisfechas identificadas en pacientes con enfermedades oncológicas o cardiovasculares crónicas en Popayán, Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v73.117113Palabras clave:
Palliative Care, Chronic Illness, Neoplasms, Holistic Health, Symptom Assessment, Symptom Burden (en)Cuidados Paliativos, Enfermedad Crónica, Neoplasias, Salud Holística, Evaluación de Síntomas, Carga Sintomática (es)
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Introduction: Palliative care (PC) is essential for the management of patients with chronic and oncologic diseases. In turn, PC requires proper identification of physical needs and symptoms, which can be achieved through standardized instruments that allow for a comprehensive assessment of the patients’ current condition.
Objective: To determine the frequency of unmet physical needs (UMPNs) in patients with chronic cardiovascular (CVD) or oncologic diseases treated in the inpatient wards of a university hospital in Popayán, Colombia.
Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 441 patients with chronic cardiovascular disease or cancer as their primary diagnosis admitted to the Hospital San José in Popayán between 2021 and 2022. The presence of UMPN was determined based on the responses to the 21 items of the Physical Symptoms domain of the validated Colombian version of the Sheffield Profile for Assessment and Referral for Care (SPARC-Sp) instrument.
Results. Of the 441 patients, 340 (77.10%) had chronic cardiovascular disease as their primary diagnosis. Pain was the most frequent UMPN (56.00%), followed by fatigue (41.95 %), and the feeling of being unable to control symptoms (38.09 %). The median UMPN was 4 (IQR: 2-7). The proportion of individuals with UMPN was higher in the cancer patient group in 18 of the 21 items. Consequently, cancer patients had more UMPNs (median UMPN: 7 [IQR: 4-9] vs. 3 [IQR: 1-7]; p<0.001).
Conclusion: Most patients experienced UMPNs, especially in the oncology group, with a significantly higher median and a higher proportion of individuals with UMPNs in 18 of the 21 items of the SPARC-Sp.
Introducción. Los cuidados paliativos (CP) son esenciales en el manejo de pacientes con enfermedades oncológicas o cardiovasculares crónicas. A su vez, los CP requieren la identificación adecuada de las necesidades físicas y síntomas, lo cual se puede realizar a través de instrumentos estandarizados que permiten una valoración integral de la condición actual de los pacientes.
Objetivo. Determinar la frecuencia de necesidades físicas no satisfechas (NFNS) en pacientes con enfermedades oncológicas o cardiovasculares crónicas y atendidos en las salas de hospitalización de un hospital universitario de Popayán, Colombia.
Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal descriptivo realizado en 441 pacientes con diagnóstico principal de cáncer o enfermedad cardiovascular hospitalizados en el Hospital San José de Popayán entre 2021 y 2022. La presencia de NFNS se determinó a partir de las respuestas en los 21 ítems del dominio Síntomas físicos de la versión validada en población colombiana del instrumento Sheffield Profile for Assessment and Referral for Care (SPARC-Sp).
Resultados. De los 441 pacientes, 340 (77.10%) tenían una enfermedad cardiovascular crónica como diagnóstico principal. Dolor fue la NFNS más frecuente (56.00%), seguido de sensación de cansancio (41.95 %) y sentir que los síntomas no están controlados (38.09 %). La mediana de NFNS fue 4 (RIQ: 2-7). La proporción de individuos en los que se determinó la presencia de una NFNS fue mayor en el grupo de pacientes con cáncer en 18 de los 21 ítems. De forma consecuente, los pacientes con cáncer tuvieron más NFNS (mediana de NFNS: 7 [RIQ: 4-9] vs. 3 [RIQ: 1-7]; p<0.001).
Conclusión. La mayoría de los pacientes presentaron NFNS, especialmente en el grupo oncológico, con una mediana significativamente más alta y una mayor proporción de individuos con una NFNS en 18 de los 21 ítems del SPARC-Sp.
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