Publicado

2011-03-01

Gasto energético en reposo y composición corporal en adultos

Energy expenditure in repose related to body composition in adults

Palabras clave:

metabolismo energético, composición corporal, calorimetría indirecta, impedancia eléctrica. (es)
energy metabolism, body composition, corporal, calorimetría indirecta, impedancia eléctrica, calorimetry, indirect, electric impedance. (en)

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Autores/as

  • Melier Vargas Z Profesora Asociada, Departamento de Nutrición Humana. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá.
  • Lilia Lancheros P. Profesora Asociada, Departamento de Nutrición Humana. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá
  • María Del Pilar Barrera P. Profesora Asociada, Departamento de Nutrición Humana. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá.
El requerimiento de energía de una persona está relacionado con su gasto energético (GE) y se define como la energía que consume un organismo, está representado por la tasa metabólica basal (TMB), la actividad física (AF) y la termogénesis inducida por la dieta (TID). La TMB es la mínima cantidad de energía que un organismo requiere para estar vivo y representa del 60-70% del total del gasto energético (TGE), en la mayoría de los adultos sedentarios. La AF representa entre el 25-75% del TGE y la TID representa cerca del 10% del TGE. Debido a su simplicidad, bajo costo y alta precisión el método comúnmente usado en el estudio de la composición corporal es la antropometría.
People's energy requirements are related to their energy expenditure (EE); this is defined as being the energy which an organism consumes. It is represented by the basal metabolic rate (BMR), physical activity (PA) and dietinduced thermogenesis (DIT). The BMR is the minimum amount of energy which an organism requires to stay alive and represents 60%-70% of total energy expenditure (TEE) in most sedentary adults. The PA represents 25%- 75% of TEE whilst DIT represents around 10% of TEE. Anthropometry is the method most frequently used in studying body composition due to its simplicity, low cost and great precision.

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