Publicado

2014-07-01

Fenómeno de Raynaud. Revisión

A review of Raynaud's phenomenon

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v62n3.38934

Palabras clave:

Enfermedad de Raynaud, Esclerodermia Sistémica, Vasoconstricción (es)
Raynaud Disease, Scleroderma, Systemic, Vasoconstriction (en)

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Autores/as

  • Jairo Alonso Rodríguez-Criollo Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogotá, Colombia.
  • Daniel Jaramillo-Arroyave Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogotá, Colombia. Universidad de Caldas. Manizales, Colombia.
El fenómeno de Raynaud es una respuesta vascular exagerada al frío o al estrés que se manifiesta por cambios de coloración de la piel en diversas localizaciones; característicamente, presenta tres fases distintas que comprenden palidez, cianosis y rubor. Dependiendo de la ausencia o la presencia de enfermedad de base, el fenómeno se denomina como primario o secundario, siendo este último subtipo una manifestación importante de enfermedades graves, principalmente autoinmunes. El fenómeno de Raynaud primario tiene buen pronóstico y la posibilidad de manejo por médico primario; por el contrario, el secundario implica la necesidad de evaluación y manejo especializado. Es de importancia para el médico general conocer su clasificación, las bases del manejo para control de los signos y síntomas, además de identificar cuándo un paciente requiere valoración y manejo especializado de acuerdo con otras enfermedades de base que puedan coexistir.
Raynaud's phenomenon is an exaggerated vascular response to cold or stress manifested by skin colour changes at several locations, having three characteristic phases: pallor (white), cyanosis (blue) and rubor (red). When the cause is not known this phenomenon is termed primary  Raynaud's phenomenon and secondary Raynaud's phenomenon when underlying disease is involved, autoimmune disease being the most frequent cause of the secondary form. Primary Raynaud's phenomenon has a good prognosis and can be treated medically without the need for specialist assessment, unlike secondary Raynaud's phenomenon which needs specialist assessment and treatment. A general practitioner needs to know the classification, the basis for treatment for signs and symptoms control and know when a patient requires specialist evaluation for treatment according to other diseases which may be present or coexist.

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Cómo citar

Rodríguez-Criollo, J. A., & Jaramillo-Arroyave, D. (2014). Fenómeno de Raynaud. Revisión. Revista De La Facultad De Medicina, 62(3), 455-464. https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v62n3.38934

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