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Consumo de fibra dietética en lactantes menores de 2 años y estreñimiento funcional
Dietary fibre consumption by infants under 2 years old and functional constipation
Palabras clave:
Fibra dietética, Estreñimiento, Lactantes (es)Dietary Fiber, Constipation, Infant (en)
Antecedentes. La inclusión de la fibra dietética (FD), tiene múltiples beneficios sobre la salud del ser humano; sin embargo, en pediatría, existen grandes brechas concernientes a la relación de fibra y estreñimiento.
Objetivo. Describir el hábito intestinal en lactantes <2 años de edad y su consumo de fibra.
Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo observacional en lactantes entre 3-24 meses de edad, con diagnósticos agudos que comprometían los sistemas respiratorio, gastrointestinal, nervioso, cutáneo, hematológico, genitourinario, osteoarticular y cardíaco, sin lactancia exclusiva, que consultaron durante seis meses a un Hospital Universitario de Tercer Nivel de Atención. Este trabajo fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética Institucional. Se realizó una encuesta nutricional por recordatorio de 24 horas antes de enfermar. Según hábito intestinal, fueron divididos en lactantes con y sin estreñimiento funcional (EF), y según grupo de edad en lactantes < y >. Se tuvo en cuenta la alimentación con leche materna, el tiempo de inicio de alimentación complementaria y el antecedente de madre o cuidador con EF. Los resultados son expresados como promedio ± desviación estándar. El análisis estadístico incluyó X2.
Resultados. Se estudiaron 125 lactantes de 13±7 meses, 86 masculinos. No hubo diferencias significativas en edad, sexo, consumo de gramos de fibra/d, ni con la alimentación con leche materna, el tiempo de inicio de la alimentación complementaria y el antecedente de madre o cuidador con EF.
Conclusiones. No encontramos diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre hábito intestinal y gramos de fibra consumidos, ni alimentación con leche materna, inicio de la alimentación complementaria precoz y antecedente de EF en la madre o cuidador.
Background. Including dietary fibre (DF) brings many benefits for human health; however, there are large gaps in knowledge/opinion concerning the relationship between fibre and constipation in paediatrics.
Objective. Describing the bowel habits of infants <2 years of age and their fibre intake.
Materials and methods. This was a descriptive observational study involving 3-24 month old infants having an acute diagnosis involving compromise of the respiratory, gastrointestinal, nervous, cutaneous, hematologic, genitourinary, osteoarticular and cardiac systems without exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) who visited a third-level teaching hospital's outpatient department over a six-month period. This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. A nutritional survey involved 24-hour dietary recall before becoming ill. Infants were divided according to bowel habit into those with functional constipation (FC) and those without FC and by age group into < and > infants. Special consideration was given to breast-feeding, the start time of supplementary feeding and mother or caregiver having a history of FC. The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The X2 test was used for statistical analysis.
Results. 125 13±7 month old infants participated in the study; 86 were male. There were no statistically significant differences regarding age, gender, consumption of grams of fibre/d or breastfeeding, starting time for supplementary feeding and/or the mother or caregiver having a background of functional constipation (FC).
Conclusions. No statistically significant differences were found between bowel habits and grams of fibre consumed, or breastfeeding, complementary feeding starting early and/or the mother or caretaker having a clinical background including FC.
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Derechos de autor 2014 Revista de la Facultad de Medicina
Esta obra está bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento 3.0 Unported.
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