Publicado

2014-07-01

Disección superselectiva de cuello: realidad evidente.

The evident effectiveness of superselective neck dissection

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v62n3.42339

Palabras clave:

Disección del cuello, Carcinoma, Células escamosas, Neoplasias de cabeza y cuello, Biopsia del Ganglio linfático centinela (es)
Neck Dissection, Carcinoma, Head and Neck Neoplasms, Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (en)

Descargas

Autores/as

  • Enrique Cadena-Piñeros Grupo Cirugía de Cabeza y Cuello, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Bogotá, Colombia. Unidad de Otorrinolaringología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogotá, Colombia. Grupo de Cirugía Robótica Transoral, Cirurobótica Clínica Marly. Bogotá, Colombia.

Todo especialista que emprende el manejo de un paciente con cáncer de cabeza y cuello, tiene como primer interrogante: ¿Cuál es la mejor manera de tratar el cuello? En consecuencia, se realizan de forma rutinaria múltiples estudios para determinar el compromiso local, regional y a distancia. Adicionalmente, en los ganglios cervicales existe el riesgo de metástasis microscópicas, dependiente del tamaño y del nivel de invasión tumoral; por lo que rutinariamente se realizan disecciones profilácticas de cuello, incluso en estadios tempranos, existiendo siempre la probabilidad de complicación y morbilidad asociada. Por lo tanto, en la última década se aceptó el uso del ganglio centinela con la intención de disminuir dicha probabilidad, incluso para tumores tempranos de la cavidad oral. Además, en los últimos años se ha planteado la cirugía de rescate de metástasis ganglionares del cuello en recaída o persistencia después de tratamientos con quimioterapia y/o radioterapia, mediante disecciones superselectivas de cuello (DSSC). Incluso se plantea la utilidad de este procedimiento para el manejo del cuello en casos N(0) o N(1), de pacientes con cáncer del tubo digestivo superior. Debido a que este planteamiento causa controversia y opiniones divergentes, en este artículo se discute la utilidad de este tipo de disecciones.

All specialists managing a patient suffering head and neck cancer must ask themselves which is the best way to treat the neck. Several types of analysis are performed routinely for defining local, regional and distance extension sites. Cervical nodes have risk of microscopic metastases; this depends on the size and level of tumour invasion which is why routine prophylactic neck dissections are made, even during early stages, because of possible complications and associated morbidity. The use of the sentinel node was thus accepted during the last decade for reducing such probability, even for early tumours of the oral cavity. Salvage surgery involving superselective neck dissection (SSND) for metastasis (in recurrence or persistence after treatment with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy) of lymph nodes in the neck has increased during recent years. SSND has also been considered useful for managing the neck in cases clinically graded N(0) or N(1) involving patients suffering cancer of the upper digestive tract. As such indication causes controversy and leads to diverging opinions, this article discusses the usefulness of this type of dissection.

Referencias

Robbins KT, Doweck I, Samant S, Vieira F. Effectiveness of superselective and selective neck dissection for advanced nodal metastases after chemoradiation. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2005;131:965-9.

Giordano L, Sarandria D, Fabiano B, Del Carro U, Bussi M. Shoulder function after selective and superselective neck dissections: clinical and functional outcomes. Acta Otorhinolaryngol. 2012;32:376-9.

Yanai Y, Sugiura T, Imajyo I, Yoshihama N, Akimoto N, Kobayashi Y, et al. Retrospective study of selective submandibular neck dissection versus radical neck dissection for N0 or N1 lecks in Level I patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oncol. 2012; 1-8.

Suárez C, Rodrigo JP, Robbins KT, Paleri V, Silver CE, Rinaldo A, et al. Superselective neck dissection: rationale, indications, and results. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2013; 270:2815-21.

Ferlito A, Robbins KT, Shah JP, Medina JE, Silver CE, Al-Tamimi S, et al. Proposal for a rational classification of neck dissections. Head Neck. 2011; 33:445-50.

Ferlito A, Robbins KT, Shah JP, Medina JE, Silver CE, Al-Tamimi S, et al. Classification or neck dissections: an evolving system. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2009; 36:127-34.

Suen Y, Goepfert H. Standardization of neck dissection. Head Neck. 1987; 10:75-7.

Lindberg R. Distribution of cervical lymph node metastases from squamous cell carcinoma of the upper respiratory and digestive tracts. Cancer. 1972; 29:1446-9.

Harish K. Neck dissections: radical to conservative. World J Surg Oncol. 2005,3:21.

Cadena E, Sanabria A. Disección ganglionar de cuello conceptos actuales. Revista colombiana de cancerología. 2011; 15:31-40.

Paleri V, Subramaniam KS, Oozeer N, Rees G, Krishnan S. Dissection of the submuscular recess (sublevel IIb) in squamous cell cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract: prospective study and systematic review of the literatura. Head Neck. 2008; 30:194-200.

Sanabria A, Silver CE, Olsen KD, Medina JE, Hamoir M, Paleri V, et al. Is elective neck dissection indicated during salvage surgery for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma?. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2014.

Cadena E, Rolón-Cadena MC. Ganglio centinela en melanoma de cara: abordaje inicial. rev.fac.med. 2012; 60:197-202.

Cadena E, Calderón A, Bermeo G. SPECT/CT para mapeo linfático en disección superselectiva de cuello de carcinoma escamocelular de lengua. Revista colombiana de cancerología. 2013; 17:86-90.

Robbins KT, Dhiwakar M, Vieira F, Rao K, Malone J. Efficacy of super-selective neck dissection following chemoradiation for advanced head and neck cancer. Oral Oncol. 2012; 48:1185-9.

Terzioglu T, Senyurek GY, Tunca F, Turkmen C, Mudun A, Salmaslioglu A, et al. Excision efficiency of radioguided occult lesion localization in reoperative thyroid and parathyroid surgery. Thyroid. 2010; 20:1271-8.

Cadena E, Bastidas F, Angarita E, Garzón J. Resección de recaídas de cáncer diferenciado de tiroides mediante cirugía radioguiada. Revista colombiana de cancerología. 2012;16:130-4.

Bataini JP. Radiotherapy in N0 head and neck cancer patients. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 1993; 250:442-5.

Ambrosch P, Kron M, Pradier O, Steiner W. Efficacy of selective neck dissection: a review of 503 cases of elective and therapeutic treatment of the neck in squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2001; 124:180-7.

Ahlberg A, Nikolaidis P, Engstrom T, Gunnarsson K, Johansson H, Sharp L, et al. Morbidity of supraomohyoidal and modified radical neck dissection combined with radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. A prospective longitudinal study. Head Neck. 2012; 34:66-72.

Giordano L, Sarandria D, Fabiano B, Del Carro U. Shoulder function after selective and superselective neck dissections: clinical and functional outcomes. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2012; 32:376-9.

Teymoortash A, Werner JA. Current advances in diagnosis and surgical treatment of lymph node metastasis in head and neck cancer. Laryngorhinootologie. 2012; 91:S102-22.

de Jong AA, Manni JJ. Phrenic nerve paralysis following neck dissection. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 1991; 248:132-4.

Shin YS, Koh YW, Kim SH, Choi EC. Selective Neck Dissection for Clinically Node-Positive Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Yonsei Med J. 2013; 54:139-44.

Weiss MH, Harrison LB, Isaacs RS. Use of decision analysis in planning a management strategy for the stage N0 neck. Arch Oto­laryngol Head Neck Surg. 1994; 120:699-702.

Persky MS, Lagmay VM. Treatment of the clinically negative neck in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Laryngoscope. 1999; 109:1160-4.

Naiboglu B, Karapinar U, Agrawal A, Schuller DE, Ozer E. When to Manage Level V in Head and Neck Carcinoma?. Laryngoscope. 2011; 121:545-7.

Paleri V, Subramaniam SK, Oozeer N, Rees G, Krishnam S. Dissection of the submuscular recess (sublevel IIb) in squamous cell cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract: prospective study and systematic review of the literatura. Head Neck. 2008; 30:194-200.

Laverick S, Lowe D, Brown JS, Vaughan ED, Rogers SN. The impact of neck dissection on health-related quality of life. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2004; 130:149-54.

León X, Quer M, Oru's C, Sancho FJ, Bagué S, Burgués J. Selective dissection of levels II-III with intraoperative control of the upper and middle jugular nodes: a therapeutic option for the N0 neck. Head Neck. 2001; 23:441-6.

Van den Brekel MWM, Vander Waal I, Meijer CJLM, Freeman JL, Castelijns JA, Snow GB. The incidence of micrometastases in neck dissection specimens obtained from elective neck dissections. Laryngoscope. 1996; 106:987-91.

Friedman M, Lim JW, Dickey W, Tanyeri H, Kirshenbaum GL, Phadke DM, et al. Quantification of lymph nodes in selective neck dissection. Laryngoscope. 1999; 109:368-70.

Dimensions

PlumX

Visitas a la página del resumen del artículo

668

Descargas

Los datos de descarga aún no están disponibles.

Cómo citar

Cadena-Piñeros, E. (2014). Disección superselectiva de cuello: realidad evidente. Revista De La Facultad De Medicina, 62(3), 487-492. https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v62n3.42339