Escala de Estrés Percibido-10: Desempeño psicométrico en estudiantes de medicina de Bucaramanga, Colombia

Adalberto Campo-Arias; Heidi Celina Oviedo; Edwin Herazo

doi:10.15446/revfacmed.v62n3.43735

Publicado

2014-07-01

Escala de Estrés Percibido-10: Desempeño psicométrico en estudiantes de medicina de Bucaramanga, Colombia

The psychometric performance of the Perceived Stress Scale-10 on medical students from Bucaramanga, Colombia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v62n3.43735

Palabras clave:

Estrés psicológico, estudiantes de medicina, confiabilidad y validez, análisis factorial, estudios de validación (es)
Stress, Psychological, Students, Medical, Reproducibility of Results, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Validation Studies (en)

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Autores/as

Adalberto Campo-Arias Instituto de Investigación del Comportamiento Humano - Grupo de Investigación del Comportamiento Humano
Heidi Celina Oviedo Instituto de Investigación del Comportamiento Humano - Grupo de Investigación del Comportamiento Humano
Edwin Herazo Instituto de Investigación del Comportamiento Humano - Grupo de Investigación del Comportamiento Humano

Resumen (es)
Resumen (en)

Antecedentes. La escala de estrés percibido (EEP-10) es la más conocida en la cuantificación de estrés emocional en investigaciones clínicas y epidemiológicas. Sin embargo, se conoce poco sobre su desempeño psicométrico en el contexto colombiano.

Objetivo. Estudiar el desempeño psicométrico, consistencia interna y dimensionalidad, de EEP-10 en estudiantes de medicina de Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Materiales y métodos. Participaron 366 estudiantes con edades entre 18 y 30 años (M=20,0; DE=1,9); el 58,5% de los participantes de sexo femenino. Se calcularon alfa de Cronbach, omega de McDonald, coeficiente de Mosier y análisis factorial exploratorio.

Resultados. EEP-10 mostró alfa de Cronbach de 0,65, omega de McDonald 0,68 y coeficiente de Mosier 0,68. Se observaron dos dimensiones: 'distrés general', que explicó 35,3% de la varianza, y 'capacidad de afrontamiento', responsable de 23,9% de la varianza, con baja correlación entre ellas (r=-0,224); alfa y omega fue 0,82 para la dimensión 'distrés general' y alfa y omega de 0,83 para 'capacidad de afrontamiento'.

Conclusiones. EEP-10 baja consistencia interna y dos dimensiones que se comportan como escalas independientes con alta consistencia interna. Se necesita conocer el desempeño psicométrico de este instrumento de medición en salud en estudiantes universitarios colombianos de otras carreras.

Background. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) is the best known instrument for quantifying emotional stress in clinical and epidemiological research; however, there is little information about PSS-10 (i.e. 10 item) psychometric performance in Colombia.

Objective. Studying PSS-10's psychometric performance, internal consistency and dimensionality by using it with medical students from Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Materials and methods. 366 medical students aged 18 to 30 years old (M=20.0; SD=1.9) participated in the research; 58.5% of the sample was female. The authors computed Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, Mosier coefficient and made an exploratory factor analysis.

Results. The PSS-10 had a 0.65 Cronbach alpha, 0.68 McDonald omega and 0.68 Mosier coefficient. Two dimensions were observed; general distress explained 35.3% variance and coping ability 23.9% variance, having low correlation (r=-0.224); general distress had a 0.82 alpha and omega and coping ability 0.83.

Conclusions. The PSS-10 had low internal consistency and two dimensions which performed as independent scales having high internal consistency. This psychometric healthcare instrument's performance should be ascertained when measuring stress in Colombian university students studying other subjects.

Citas

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