Publicado

2014-10-01

Nav1.5 cardiac sodium channels, regulation and clinical implications

Canales de sodio Nav1.5 cardíacos, regulación e implicaciones clínicas

Palabras clave:

NAV1.5 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel, Long QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome (en)
Canales de Sodio, Síndrome QT largo, Síndrome Brugada (es)

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Autores/as

  • Henry Humberto León-Ariza Área de Morfofisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Sabana. Chía, Colombia. Facultad de Enfermería, Fundación Universitaria Sanitas. Bogotá, Colombia.
  • Natalia Valenzuela-Faccini Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Sabana. Chía, Colombia.
  • Ariana Carolina Rojas-Ortega Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Sabana. Chía, Colombia.
  • Daniel Alfonso Botero-Rosas Área de Morfofisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Sabana. Chía, Colombia. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Antonio Nariño. Bogotá, Colombia.
Voltage-gated sodium channels constitute a group of membrane proteins widely distributed thought the body. In the heart, there are at least six different isoforms, being the Nav1.5 the most abundant. The channel is composed of an α subunit that is formed by four domains of six segments each, and four much smaller β subunits that provide stability and integrate other channels into the α subunit. The function of the Nav1.5 channel is modulated by intracellular cytoskeleton proteins, extracellular proteins, calcium concentration, free radicals, and medications, among other things. The study of the channel and its alterations has grown thanks to its association with pathogenic conditions such as Long QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, atrial fibrillation, arrhythmogenic ventricular dysplasia and complications during ischemic processes.

Los canales de Sodio dependientes de voltaje constituyen un grupo de proteínas de membrana ampliamente distribuidas en el cuerpo humano. En el corazón se dispone de al menos seis diferentes isoformas de estos canales: los Nav1.5 son los más abundantes. El canal está constituido por una subunidad α, formada por cuatro dominios, cada uno de estos con seis segmentos y cuatro subunidades β mucho más pequeñas que estabilizan la estructura e integran la subunidad α de otros canales. La función del canal Nav1.5 se ve modulada por proteínas del citoesqueleto, proteínas extracelulares, concentraciones de calcio, radicales libres, medicamentos, entre otros. El estudio del canal y sus alteraciones se ha incrementado gracias a la asociación de este con condiciones patológicas como el síndrome de QT largo, el síndrome de Brugada, la fibrilación auricular, la displasia ventricular arritmogénica y por las complicaciones de en procesos isquémicos.

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Citas

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