Publicado

2014-10-01

Maximum Heart Rate during exercise: Reliability of the 220-age and Tanaka formulas in healthy young people at a moderate altitude

Frecuencia cardíaca máxima en ejercicio: confiabilidad de las fórmulas de 220-edad y Tanaka en jóvenes saludables en altitud moderada

Palabras clave:

Heart Rate, Reproducibility of Results, Motor Activity, Exercise, Exercise Test, Altitude (en)
Frecuencia Cardiaca, Reproducibilidad de Resultados, Actividad Motora, Ejercicio, Prueba de Esfuerzo, Altitud (es)

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Autores/as

  • Luis Eduardo Cruz-Martínez Unidad de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogotá, Colombia. Clínica Reina Sofía. Bogotá, Colombia.
  • Jaime Tomas Rojas-Valencia Universidad El Bosque. Bogotá, Colombia.
  • Juan Felipe Correa-Mesa Fisioterapia del Deporte. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. Colombia
  • Juan Carlos Correa-Morales Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Medellín, Colombia.

Background. The formulas to predict maximum heart rate have been used for many years in different populations.

Objective. To verify the significance and the association of formulas of Tanaka and 220-age when compared to real maximum heart rate.

Materials and methods. 30 subjects –22 men, 8 women– between 18 and 30 years of age were evaluated on a cycle ergometer and their real MHR values were statistically compared with the values of formulas currently used to predict MHR.

Results. The results demonstrate that both Tanaka p=0.0026 and 220-age p=0.000003 do not predict real MHR, nor does a linear association exist between them.

Conclusions. Due to the overestimation with respect to real MHR value that these formulas make, we suggest a correction of 6 bpm to the final result. This value represents the median of the difference between the Tanaka value and the real MHR. Both Tanaka (r=0.272) and 220-age (r=0.276) are not adequate predictors of MHR during exercise at the elevation of Bogotá in subjects of 18 to 30 years of age, although more study with a larger sample size is suggested.

Introducción. Las fórmulas que predicen la Frecuencia Cardíaca Máxima (FCM) han sido utilizadas desde hace varios años en diferentes poblaciones.

Objetivo. Verificar la precisión de las fórmulas de Tanaka y 220-edad con respecto a la FCM real.

Materiales y métodos. Se evaluaron 30 sujetos –22 hombres y 8 mujeres– entre 18 y 30 años de edad en cicloergómetro y se compararon estadísticamente las fórmulas con la FCM real.

Resultados. Se demuestra que tanto Tanaka p=0,0026 como 220-edad p=0,000003 no predicen la FCM real ni existe una asociación lineal de estas.

Conclusiones. Debido a la sobreestimación que realizan dichas fórmulas con Tanaka se sugiere realizar una corrección de 6 lpm al resultado final. Este valor representa la mediana de la diferencia de Tanaka con respecto a la FCM real: tanto Tanaka r=0,272 como 220-edad r=0,276 no son predictores adecuados entre sujetos de 18 a 30 años de edad de la FCM durante el ejercicio en la altura de Bogotá, aunque se sugiere realizar más estudios con una muestra mayor.

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Citas

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