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Taquicardias supraventriculares. Estado del arte
Supraventricular tachycardia. State of the art
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v64n1.45072Palabras clave:
Resucitación cardiopulmonar, Taquicardia por reentrada en el nodo atrioventricular, Técnicas electrofisiológicas cardíacas, Ablación por catéter. (es)Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Tachycardia Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry, Electrophysiologic Techniques Cardiac, Catheter Ablation (en)
Las taquicardias supraventriculares son un grupo de entidades clínicas prevalentes en la población general, pero que afectan con mayor frecuencia a la población adulta; son ritmos rápidos y generalmente regulares en los cuales se encuentra implicada alguna estructura por encima de la bifurcación del haz de His para formación o perpetuación. El diagnóstico de estas entidades requiere un abordaje clínico sistemático, siendo el electrocardiograma de superficie la principal herramienta para su adecuada clasificación.
El tratamiento de las taquicardias supraventriculares dependerá del estado hemodinámico del paciente, el cual definirá el requerimiento de terapia eléctrica o tratamiento médico. Se debe hacer una selección adecuada de los pacientes que requieren estudio electrofisiológico y ablación.
Supraventricular tachycardias are a set of clinical entities prevalent in the general population, but it is the adult population the most frequently affected by them. They are fast and usually regular rhythms in which some structures involved over the bundle of His bifurcation for its formation or maintenance are found. The diagnosis of these entities requires a systematic clinical approach being the surface electrocardiogram the main tool for their proper classification.
Treatment of supraventricular tachycardias depends on the patient´s hemodynamic status, which will define the need of electrical therapy or medical treatment. An appropriate selection of patients requiring electrophysiological study and ablation should be made.
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