Correo Electrónico
DNINFOA - SIA
Bibliotecas
Convocatorias
Identidad U.N.
Publicado
Nutrigenómica humana: efectos de los alimentos o sus componentes sobre la expresión RNA
Human Nutrigenomics: Effects of Food or Food Components on RNA Expression
Palabras clave:
Alimento, Nutrición, Expresión génica, ARN, Proteínas (es)Food, Nutrition, Gene Expression, RNA, Proteins (en)
Los resultados del proyecto del genoma humano fueron el punto de partida de grandes avances técnicos, metodológicos y conceptuales en la ciencia de la genética. Hoy en día es claro que el DNA es una molécula compleja que presenta diversas interacciones dinámicas consigo misma y con otros componentes del entorno celular. Asimismo, se sabe que el RNA es una molécula fundamental para el entendimiento de las características del organismo y de la respuesta de este a los estímulos del medioambiente. Además, los mecanismos epigenéticos conjugan todos los eventos moleculares que determinan cuáles serán los rasgos —anatómicos, fisiológicos, metabólicos, etc.— particulares de una entidad biológica definida.
Todos los aspectos mencionados antes ofrecen la oportunidad de estudiar el conjunto de interacciones existentes entre el genoma y la dieta, lo cual es muy relevante dado que la ingesta de alimentos —o de los componentes contenidos o derivados de los mismos— es uno de los factores del entorno más importantes a los que está expuesto un individuo a lo largo de su vida, puesto que es capaz de condicionar positiva o negativamente el estado de salud.
El presente artículo tiene el propósito de dar un panorama general de los aspectos básicos que integran el concepto nutrigénomica y proporcionar un estado del arte actualizado de algunos de los estudios realizados en este campo in vivo en humanos.
The Human Genome Project was the starting point of great progress in genetics science. Nowadays is clearly known that the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a complex molecule that shows dynamic interactions both within itself and with other cellular environment components. Likewise, it is known that the ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a fundamental molecule to understand an organism features and how it responds to environmental stimuli. Moreover, the epigenetics mechanisms combine all molecular events that establish the specific traits —anatomical, physiological, metabolic, etc.— of a defined biological entity.
These aspects allow studying the interactions between genome and diet, which is highly relevant, since the intake of food —or its components— is one of the most important environmental factors to which an individual is exposed throughout their life, as this factor is able to define health condition positively or negatively. This article aims to provide an overview of the basic aspects that make up the "nutrigenomics" concept and to provide a state of the art of the current researches conducted in humans in vivo.
Descargas
Citas
Bouchard C, Ordovas JM. Fundamentals of nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics. Prog. Mol. Biol. Transl. Sci. 2012;108:1-15. http://doi.org/bg89.
Simopoulos AP. Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics. Annu. Rev. Public Health. 2010;31:53-68. http://doi.org/dmjpm3.
Bhagavan NV, Ha C-E. Essentials of Medical Biochemistry. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2011.
Gibson G. The environmental contribution to gene expression profiles. Nat. Rev. Genet. 2008;9(8):575-81. http://doi.org/dg7r4j.
Feil R, Fraga MF. Epigenetics and the environment: emerging patterns and implications. Nat. Rev. Genet. 2012;13(2):97-109. http://doi.org/fzh48b.
Grice EA, Segre JA. The Human Microbiome: Our Second Genome. Annu. Rev. Genomics. Hum. Genet. 2012;13:151-70. http://doi.org/bg9b.
Schon EA, DiMauro S, Hirano M. Human mitochondrial DNA: roles of inherited and somatic mutations. Nat. Rev. Genet. 2012;13(12):878-90. http://doi.org/bg9c.
ENCODE Project Consortium. An integrated encyclopedia of DNA elements in the human genome. Nature. 2013;489(7414):57-74. http://doi.org/bg9d.
Li B, Carey M, Workman JL. The Role of Chromatin during Transcription. Cell. 2007;128(4):707-19. http://doi.org/dmbrs7.
Annunziato A. DNA Packaging: Nucleosomes and Chromatin. Nat. Educ. 2008 [cited2016 May 10];1(1):26. Available from: http://goo.gl/pFLnlj.
Weake VM, Workman JL. Inducible gene expression: diverse regulatory mechanisms. Nat. Rev. Genet. 2010;11(6):426-37. http://doi.org/dnwd23.
Farrell RE. RNA and the Cellular Biochemistry Revisited. In: RNA Methodologies. 4th ed. San Diego: Elsevier; 2010. p. 45-80.
Holoch D, Moazed D. RNA-mediated epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Nat. Rev. Genet. 2015;16(2):71-84. http://doi.org/bg9f.
Vogel C, Marcotte EM. Insights into the regulation of protein abundance from proteomic and transcriptomic analyses. Nat. Rev. Genet. 2012;13(4):227-32. http://doi.org/bg9g.
Jackson RJ, Hellen CUT, Pestova TV. The mechanism of eukaryotic translation initiation and principles of its regulation. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2010;11(2):113-27. http://doi.org/ckcx94.
Braunschweig U, Gueroussov S, Plocik AM, Graveley BR, Blencowe BJ. Dynamic integration of splicing within gene regulatory pathways. Cell. 2013;152(6):1252-69. http://doi.org/bg9h.
Tang W, Fei Y, Page M. Biological significance of RNA editing in cells. Mol. Biotechnol. 2012;52(1):91-100. http://doi.org/fzhcpq.
Parnell LD. Advances in technologies and study design. Prog. Mol. Biol. Transl. Sci. 2012;108:17-50. http://doi.org/bg9j.
Ritchie MD, Holzinger ER, Li R, Pendergrass SA, Kim D. Methods of integrating data to uncover genotype-phenotype interactions. Nat. Rev. Genet. 2015;16(2):85-97. http://doi.org/bg9k.
Mazzio EA, Soliman KF. Basic concepts of epigenetics: impact of environmental signals on gene expression. Epigenetics. 2012;7(2):119-30. http://doi.org/fx9mf9.
Duncan EJ, Gluckman PD, Dearden PK. Epigenetics, plasticity, and evolution: How do we link epigenetic change to phenotype? J. Exp. Zool. Mol. Dev. Evol. 2014;322(4):208-20. http://doi.org/bg9m.
Patil BS, Jayaprakasha GK, Chidambara-Murthy KN, Vikram A. Bioactive compounds: Historical perspectives, opportunities and challenges. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2009;57(18):8142-60. http://doi.org/ff6t5h.
Liu RH. Dietary bioactive compounds and their health implications. J. Food Sci. 2013;78(Suppl 1):A18-25. http://doi.org/bg9n.
Jacobs DR, Tapsell LC. Food, not nutrients, is the fundamental unit in nutrition. Nutr. Rev. 2008;65(10):439-50. http://doi.org/czd44r.
Mullie P, Guelinckx I, Clarys P, Degrave E, Hulens M, Vansant G. Cultural, socioeconomic and nutritional determinants of functional food consumption patterns. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 2009;63(11):1290-6. http://doi.org/cvw4w7.
McGloughlin MN. Modifying agricultural crops for improved nutrition. N. Biotechnol. 2010;27(5):494-504. http://doi.org/bhvj89.
Smolkova B, El Yamani N, Collins AR, Gutleb AC, Dusinska M. Nanoparticles in food. Epigenetic changes induced by nanomaterials and possible impact on health. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2015;77:64-73. http://doi.org/bg9p.
Bohn T. Dietary factors affecting polyphenol bioavailability. Nutr. Rev. 2014;72(7):429-52. http://doi.org/bg9q.
Parada J, Aguilera JM. Food microstructure affects the bioavailability of several nutrients. J. Food Sci. 2007;72(2):R21-32. http://doi.org/cz9fvs.
Rodríguez-Roque MJ, de Ancos B, Sánchez-Vega R, Sánchez-Moreno C, Cano MP, Elez-Martínez P, et al. Food matrix and processing influence on carotenoid bioaccessibility and lipophilic antioxidant activity of fruit juice-based beverages. Food Funct. 2016;7(1):380-9. http://doi.org/bg9r.
Laparra JM, Sanz Y. Interactions of gut microbiota with functional food components and nutraceuticals. Pharmacol. Res. 2010;61(3):219-25. http://doi.org/dfvq5p.
Rein MJ, Renouf M, Cruz-Hernández C, Actis-Goretta L, Thakkar SK, da Silva-Pinto M. Bioavailability of bioactive food compounds: A challenging journey to bioefficacy. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 2013;75(3):588-602. http://doi.org/bg9s.
Turgeon SL, Rioux LE. Food matrix impact on macronutrients nutritional properties. Food Hydrocoll. 2011;25(8):1915-24. http://doi.org/bn9cmp.
Goodman BE. Insights into digestion and absorption of major nutrients in humans. Adv. Physiol. Educ. 2010;34(2):44-53. http://doi.org/bvtf63.
McGuire M, Beerman KA. Nutritional Sciences: From fundamentals to food. 3th ed. Belmont: Wadsworth; 2013.
El Bacha T, Luz M, Da Poian A. Dynamic Adaptation of Nutrient Utilization in Humans. Nat. Educ. 2010 [cited 2015 May 10];3(9):8. Available from: http://goo.gl/l2fUON.
Kien CL, Bunn JY, Fukagawa NK, Anathy V, Matthews DE, Crain KI, et al. Lipidomic evidence that lowering the typical dietary palmitate to oleate ratio in humans decreases the leukocyte production of proinflammatory cytokines and muscle expression of redox-sensitive genes. J. Nutr. Biochem. 2015;26(12):1599-606. http://doi.org/bg9t.
Kruse M, von Loeffelholz C, Hoffmann D, Pohlmann A, Seltmann AC, Osterhoff M, et al. Dietary rapeseed/canola oil supplementation reduces serum lipids and liver enzymes and alters postprandial inflammatory responses in adipose tissue compared to olive oil supplementation in obese men. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2015;59(3):507-19. http://doi.org/f2xrbv.
Oliveras-López MJ, Berná G, Jurado-Ruiz E, López-García de la Serrana H, Martín F. Consumption of extra-virgin olive oil rich in phenolic compounds has beneficial antioxidant effects in healthy human adults. J. Funct. Foods. 2014;10:475-84. http://doi.org/bg9v.
Engeli S, Lehmann AC, Kaminski J, Haas V, Janke J, Zoerner AA, et al. Influence of dietary fat intake on the endocannabinoid system in lean and obese subjects. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014;22(5):E70-6. http://doi.org/bg9w.
Camargo A, Meneses ME, Pérez-Martínez P, Delgado-Lista J, Jiménez-Gómez Y, Cruz-Teno C, et al. Dietary fat differentially influences the lipids storage on the adipose tissue in metabolic syndrome patients. Eur. J. Nutr. 2014;53(2):617-26. http://doi.org/bg9x.
Turco AA, Guescini M, Valtucci V, Colosimo C, De Feo P, Mantuano M, et al. Dietary fat differentially modulate the mRNA expression levels of oxidative mitochondrial genes in skeletal muscle of healthy subjects. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. 2014;24(2):198-204. http://doi.org/bg9z.
Mejía-Barradas CM, Del-Río-Navarro BE, Domínguez-López A, Campos-Rodríguez R, Martínez-Godínez Md, Rojas-Hernández S, et al. The consumption of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids differentially modulates gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and gamma and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese adolescents. Endocrine. 2014;45(1):98-105. http://doi.org/bg92.
Saboori S, Koohdani F, Nematipour E, Yousefi Rad E, Saboor-Yaraghi AA, Javanbakht MH, et al. Beneficial Effects of Omega 3 and Vitamin E Co-Administration on Gene Expression of SIRT1 and PGC1α and serum antioxidant enzymes in patients with Coronary Artery Disease. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. 2015. http://doi.org/bg93.
Martín-Peláez S, Castañer O, Konstantinidou V, Subirana I, Muñoz-Aguayo D, Blanchart G, et al. Effect of olive oil phenolic compounds on the expression of blood pressure-related genes in healthy individuals. Eur. J. Nutr. 2015. http://doi.org/bg94.
Ferguson JF, Xue C, Hu Y, Li M, Reilly MP. Adipose tissue RNASeq reveals novel gene-nutrient interactions following n-3 PUFA supplementation and evoked inflammation in humans. J. Nutr. Biochem. 2016;30:126-32. http://doi.org/bg95.
Rosqvist F, Smedman A, Lindmark-Månsson H, Paulsson M, Petrus P, Straniero S, et al. Potential role of milk fat globule membrane in modulating plasma lipoproteins, gene expression, and cholesterol metabolism in humans: a randomized study. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2015;102(1):20-30.
Uribarri J, Cai W, Pyzik R, Goodman S, Chen X, Zhu L, et al. Suppression of native defense mechanisms, SIRT1 and PPARγ, by dietary glycoxidants precedes disease in adult humans; relevance to lifestyle-engendered chronic diseases. Amino Acids. 2014;46(2):301-9. http://doi.org/bg96.
Di Renzo L, Carraro A, Valente R, Iacopino L, Colica C, De Lorenzo A. Intake of red wine in different meals modulates oxidized LDL level, oxidative and inflammatory gene expression in healthy people: A randomized crossover trial. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2014;2014:681318. http://doi.org/bg97.
Tarallo S, Pardini B, Mancuso G, Rosa F, Di Gaetano C, Rosina F, et al. MicroRNA expression in relation to different dietary habits: a comparison in stool and plasma samples. Mutagenesis. 2014;29(5):385-91. http://doi.org/bg98.
Pivovarova O, Jürchott K, Rudovich N, Hornemann S, Ye L, Möckel S, et al. Changes of Dietary Fat and Carbohydrate Content Alter Central and Peripheral Clock in Humans. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2015;100(6):2291-302. http://doi.org/bg99.
Rendo-Urteaga T, García-Calzón S, González-Muniesa P, Milagro FI, Chueca M, Oyarzabal M, et al. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell gene expression profile in obese boys who followed a moderate energy-restricted diet: differences between high and low responders at baseline and after the intervention. Br. J. Nutr. 2014;113(2)331-42. http://doi.org/bhbb.
Marques-Rocha JL, Milagro FI, Mansego ML, Zulet MA, Bressan J, Martínez JA. Expression of inflammation-related miRNAs in white blood cells from subjects with metabolic syndrome after 8 wk of following a Mediterranean diet-based weight loss program. Nutrition. 2016;32(1):48-55. http://doi.org/bhbc.
Milenkovic D, Vanden-Berghe W, Boby C, Leroux C, Declerck K, Szic KSV, et al. Dietary flavanols modulate the transcription of genes associated with cardiovascular pathology without changes in their DNA methylation state. PLoS One. 2014;9(4):e95527. http://doi.org/bhbd.
Konings E, Timmers S, Boekschoten MV, Goossens GH, Jocken JW, Afman LA, et al. The effects of 30 days resveratrol supplementation on adipose tissue morphology and gene expression patterns in obese men. Int. J. Obes. (Lond). 2014;38(3):470-3. http://doi.org/bhbf.
Charron CS, Dawson HD, Albaugh GP, Solverson PM, Vinyard BT, Solano-Aguilar GI, et al. A Single Meal Containing Raw, Crushed Garlic Influences Expression of Immunity- and Cancer-Related Genes in Whole Blood of Humans. J. Nutr. 2015;145(11):2448-55. http://doi.org/bhbg.
Noh H, Paik HY, Kim J, Chung J. The Changes of Zinc Transporter ZnT Gene Expression in Response to Zinc Supplementation in Obese Women. Biol. Trace. Elem. Res. 2014;162(1-3):38-45. http://doi.org/bhbh.
Chu A, Foster M, Hancock D, Bell-Anderson K, Petocz P, Samman S. TNF-α gene expression is increased following zinc supplementation in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Genes Nutr. 2015;10(1):440. http://doi.org/bhbj.
Reszka E, Wieczorek E, Jablonska E, Janasik B, Fendler W, Wasowicz W. Association between plasma selenium level and NRF2 target genes expression in humans. J. Trace. Elem. Med. Biol. 2015;30:102-6. http://doi.org/bhbk.
Canali R, Natarelli L, Leoni G, Azzini E, Comitato R, Sancak O, et al. Vitamin C supplementation modulates gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells specifically upon an inflammatory stimulus: a pilot study in healthy subjects. Genes. Nutr. 2014;9(3):390. http://doi.org/bhbm.
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2016 Revista de la Facultad de Medicina
Esta obra está bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento 3.0 Unported.
-
