Manejo interdisciplinario del cólico del lactante

Publicado

2017-07-01

Interdisciplinary management of infantile colic

Palabras clave:

Infantile Colic, Gastroenterology, Infant Nutrition Disorders, Infant Formula, Diet Therapy (en)
Cólico, Gastroenterología, Nutrición del lactante, Fórmulas Infantiles, Dietoterapia (es)

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Autores/as

Luis Miguel Becerra-Granados Universidad del Valle - Faculty of Health - School of Medicine - Department of Pediatrics - Santiago de Cali - Colombia.
Jhon Jairo Bejarano-Roncancio Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Bogotá Campus - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Human Nutrition - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia.
María Catalina Bages-Mesa Universidad El Bosque - Faculty of Medicine - Nutrition, Genetics and Metabolism Research Institute - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia.

Resumen (en)
Resumen (es)

Infantile colic is one of the main reasons for consultation in pediatric gastroenterology and pediatric nutrition services. This pathology has multiple etiologies such as family dysfunction, gastrointestinal alterations, food allergies or intolerances, food imbalance and improper eating habits. It is acute, of sudden onset, and tends to disappear between 3 and 6 months of age. To date there is no consensus on the management protocols of this condition or indicators of therapeutic efficacy. Medications, dietary regimens and dietary supplements specific to this pathology (anti-colic) have been developed for some years to help address this issue.

This article presents a structural review of evidence on the fundamentals and progress in the treatment of infantile colic, and compiles the characteristics of this pathology, the medical and nutritional therapeutic measures, the clinical approach and the techniques to help the patient and his family. This study seeks to provide technical tools to health professionals whose target population is children younger than 2 years of age.

El cólico del lactante es uno de los principales motivos de consulta en los servicios de pediatría, gastroenterología y nutrición pediátrica. Esta patología posee múltiples características etiológicas como disfunción de la mecánica familiar, alteraciones gastrointestinales, alergias o intolerancias alimentarias, desbalance alimentario e inadecuados hábitos alimenticios. Es de carácter agudo, con inicio súbito que tiende a desaparecer entre los 3 y 6 meses de edad. Hasta el momento no existe un consenso sobre los protocolos de manejo de esta condición o sobre sus indicadores de eficacia terapéutica. Desde hace algunos años se han desarrollado fármacos, regímenes dietarios y complementos alimentarios específicos para esta patología (anticólico). Este trabajo es una revisión de la evidencia sobre los fundamentos y avances en el tratamiento del cólico del lactante en el que se recopilan las características de esta patología, las medidas terapéuticas médicas y nutricionales, el abordaje clínico y las técnicas para ayudar al paciente y su entorno familiar. El presente estudio busca brindar herramientas técnicas al profesional de la salud cuya población objeto de atención es menor de 2 años.

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