Publicado
Efectos del masaje terapéutico sobre la ansiedad y el estrés en población pediátrica
Effects of therapeutic massages on anxiety and stress in the pediatric population
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v66n3.60323Palabras clave:
Niño, Masaje, Ansiedad, Estrés fisiológico, Fisioterapia (es)Child, Massage, Anxiety, Stress Physiological, Physical Therapy Specialty (en)
Introducción. El masaje es una estrategia terapéutica estudiada por diferentes profesionales de la salud y de la cual la literatura reporta efectos que redundan en el bienestar físico y emocional del niño.
Objetivo. Describir el estado del arte en relación con los efectos que genera la aplicación de masaje terapéutico sobre la ansiedad y el estrés en población pediátrica a partir de la evidencia disponible.
Materiales y métodos. Revisión sistematizada que incluyó artículos de naturaleza experimental, en su mayoría ensayos clínicos aleatorizados evaluados mediante la escala PEDro. Las bases de datos consultadas fueron EBSCO, Embase, ScienceDirect, PubMed, BVS y PEDro.
Resultados. En total, se seleccionaron 7 artículos, incluyendo 4 ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y 3 cuasi experimentales.
Conclusiones. La literatura reporta efectos beneficiosos del masaje terapéutico aplicado en población pediátrica; entre ellos, disminución de los niveles de cortisol, mejor adaptación de respuestas fisiológicas frente a estresores, ganancia de peso y mejor organización comportamental y del sueño. Dichos efectos se potencializan al aplicar presión moderada, en comparación con técnicas de masaje realizadas con presión ligera.
Introduction: Massages are a therapeutic strategy studied by different health professionals. Literature has reported positive effects on the physical and the emotional well-being of children.
Objective: To describe the state of the art regarding the effects of therapeutic massages on anxiety and stress relief in the pediatric population based on the available evidence.
Materials and methods: Systematic review including experimental articles, mostly randomized clinical trials, evaluated using the PEDro scale. The databases consulted were EBSCO, Embase, ScienceDirect, PubMed, VHL and PEDro.
Results: Seven articles were selected, including 4 randomized and 3 quasi-experimental clinical trials.
Conclusions: The literature reports beneficial effects of therapeutic massages on the pediatric population, including decreased cortisol levels, better adaptation of physiological responses to stressors, weight gain and better behavioral and sleep patterns. These effects are potentiated by moderate pressure, compared to massage techniques performed with light pressure.
Referencias
Fritz S. Fundamentos del masaje terapéutico. Madrid: Elsevier; 2004.
Beider S, Mahrer NE, Gold JI. Pediatric massage therapy: an overview for clinicians. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2007;54(6):1025-41. http://doi.org/dhpjhx.
Sinclair M. Pediatric Massage Therapy. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005.
Guirao-Goris SJ. Utilidad y tipos de revisión de literatura. ENE. 2015;9(2). http://doi.org/cmrb.
Da Costa-Santos CM, De Mattos-Pimenta CA, Cuce-Nobre MR. Estrategia pico para la construcción de la pregunta de investigación y la búsqueda de evidencias. Rev Latino-am Enfermagem. 2007;15(3).
Gómez-Conesa A. Escala PEDro-Español. Murcia: Asociación Española de Fisioterapeutas y Unidad de Metaanálisis de la Universidad de Murcia Actualizado; 2012 [cited 2015 Aug 27]. Available from: https://goo.gl/dqCw3s.
de Jong M, Lucas C, Bredero H, van Adrichem L, Tibboel D, van Dijk M. Does postoperative ‘M’ technique massage with or without mandarin oil reduce infants’ distress after major craniofacial surgery? J Adv Nurs. 2011;68(8):1748-57. http://doi.org/cbnk4p.
Vijayalakshmi N. Effectiveness of massage therapy on anxiety among asthmatic children hospital based interventional study. Int J Pharm Bio Sci. 2015;6(4):328-33.
Field T, Hernández-Reif M, Diego M. Newborns of depressed mothers who received moderate versus light pressure massage during pregnancy. Infant Behav Dev. 2006;29(1):54-8. http://doi.org/fkmr9g.
Lee HK. The effect of infant massage on weight gain, physiological and behavioral responses in premature infants. Pubmed. J Korean Acad Nurs. 2005;35(8):1451-60. http://doi.org/cmsb.
Hernández-Reif M, Diego M, Field T. Preterm infants show reduced stress behaviors and activity after 5 days of massage therapy. Infant Behav Dev. 2007;30(4):557-61. http://doi.org/bkrtzf.
Im H, Kim E. Effect of Yakson and Gentle Human Touch versus usual care on urine stress hormones and behaviors in preterm infants: A quasi-experimental study. Int J Nurs Stud. 2009;46(4):450-8. http://doi.org/fq6hd7.
Çelebioğlu A, Gürol A, Yildirim ZK, Büyükavci M. Effects of massage therapy on pain and anxiety arising from intrathecal therapy or bone marrow aspiration in children with cancer. Int J Nurs Pract. 2015;21(6):797-804. http://doi.org/f77zq4.
Lee D. The Korean Healing Art of Yakson. Seoul: Mindvision; 2003.
Jay S. The effects of gentle human touch on mechanically ventilated very-short-gestation infants. Maternal-Child Nursing Journal. 1982;11(4):199-259.
Field T, Diego M, Hernández-Reif M. Moderate pressure is essential for massage therapy effects. Int J Neurosci. 2010;120(5):381-5. http://doi.org/b8w4s3.
Field T, Diego M, Hernández-Reif M, Deeds O, Figuereido B. Moderate versus light pressure massage therapy leads to greater weight gain in preterm infants. Infant Behav Dev. 2006;29(4):574-8. http://doi.org/dzpc7n.
Field TM, Schanberg SM, Scafidi F, Bauer CR, Vega-Lahr N, Gacria R, et al. Tactile/kinesthetic stimulation effects on preterm neonates. Pediatrics. 1986;77(5):654-8.
Grunau RE, Oberlander TF, Whitfield MM, Fitzgerald C, Lee SK. Demographic and therapeutic determinants of pain reactivity in very low birth neonates at 32 weeks’ postconceptional age. Pediatrics. 2001;107(1):105-12.
Mitchell A, Boss BJ. Adverse effects of pain on the nervous systems of newborns and young children: A review of the literature. J Neurosci Nurs. 2002;34(5):228-36.
Diego M, Field T, Hernandez-Reif M. Vagal activity, gastric motility and weight gain in massaged preterm neonates. J Pediatr. 2006;147(1):50-5. http://doi.org/fmzc67.
Field T. Massage Therapy. Med Clin North Am. 2002;86(1):163-71. http://doi.org/brzw98.
Nelson CA, Bosquet M. Neurobiology of fetal and infant development: Implications for infant mental health. In: Zeanah CH, editor. Handbook of infant mental health. 2nd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2000.
Gunnar MR. Quality of early care and buffering of neuroendocrine stress reactions: potential effects on the developing human brain. Prev Med. 1998;27(2):208-11. http://doi.org/dxwn6f.
Kandel ER, Schwartz JH, Jessell TM. Principles of Neural Science. 4th ed. New York: McGraw Hill; 2000.
Fattah M, Hamdy B. Pulmonary functions of children with asthma improve following massage therapy. J Altern Complement Med. 2011;17(11)1065-8. http://doi.org/drrftw.
Hernández-Reif M, Field T, Krasnegor J, Martínez E, Schwartzman M, Mavunda K. Children with cystic fibrosis benefit from massage therapy. J Pediatr Psychol. 1999;24(2)175-81.
Kubsh SM, Neveau T, Vandertie K. Effect of cutaneous stimulation on pain reduction in emergency department patients. Complement Ther Nurs Midwifery. 2000;6(1)25-32. http://doi.org/bd64qr.
Dimensions
PlumX
Visitas a la página del resumen del artículo
Descargas
Cómo citar
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2018 Revista de la Facultad de Medicina
Esta obra está bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento 3.0 Unported.
-
