Publicado
Manejo de pacientes diabéticos hospitalizados
Management of diabetes in hospitals
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v66n3.61890Palabras clave:
Diabetes mellitus, Insulina, Fosfato de sitagliptina, incretinas (es)Diabetes mellitus, Insulin, Sitagliptin Phosphate, Incretins (en)
La diabetes es una enfermedad con importante prevalencia en todo el mundo. Se calcula que cerca de 415 millones de personas la padecen en la actualidad y que para el año 2040 esta cifra aumentará poco más del 50%. Debido a esto, se estima que gran parte de los ingresos por urgencias serán de pacientes diabéticos o sujetos a los cuales esta patología se les diagnosticará en dicha hospitalización; esta situación hace necesario conocer los lineamientos y las recomendaciones de las guías para el manejo intrahospitalario de los pacientes con hiperglucemia.
El pilar fundamental del manejo hospitalario de diabetes es la monitorización intensiva, junto con la educación al paciente y la administración de insulina. El control glicémico es clave debido a que disminuye complicaciones intrahospitalarias. Cabe resaltar que el control estricto puede llevar a hipoglucemias, por lo que los episodios deben ser debidamente documentados y su causa corregida de inmediato.
Diabetes is a disease with significant prevalence worldwide. According to the latest estimates, about 415 million people suffer from this condition and this figure will almost double by 2040. For this reason, a large part of emergency admissions will be related to diabetic patients or subjects who will be diagnosed with this pathology while hospitalized. Hospital-related hyperglycemia due to stress, medications and parenteral nutrition are also a common finding. In consequence, it is imperative for health care providers to become familiar with inpatient hyperglycemia management.
Intensive glucose monitoring, patient education and insulin administration are essential for treating this condition. Glycemic control is fundamental as it decreases nosocomial complications. It should be noted that strict control may lead to hypoglycemia, so episodes should be properly documented and their cause corrected immediately.
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Derechos de autor 2018 Revista de la Facultad de Medicina
Esta obra está bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento 3.0 Unported.
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