Anestesia para pacientes con preeclampsia

Publicado

2019-01-01

Anaesthesia for patients with pre-eclampsia

Palabras clave:

Preeclampsia, Anestesia, Terapéutica, Hipertensión inducida en el embarazo (es)
Pre-Eclampsia, Anesthesia, Therapeutics, Hypertension Pregnancy-Induced (en)

Descargas

Autores/as

Jhon Edward Martínez-Rodríguez Hospital Universitario San José Empresa Social del Estado
Alexander Camacho-Yacumal Hospital Universitario San José Empresa Social del Estado
Lina Victoria Unigarro-Benavides Universidad Autónoma de México - Facultad de Ciencias de la salud - Departamento de Anestesiología
Deily Yohana Nazareno Hospital Universitario San José Empresa Social del Estado
Johana Fernández-Pabón Hospital Universitario San José Empresa Social del Estado
Alexander Burbano-Imbachí Hospital Universitario San José Empresa Social del Estado
Diana Catalina Cardona-Gómez Hospital Susana López de Valencia
Anuar Alonso Cedeño-Burbano Hospital Universitario San José Empresa Social del Estado https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0472-1572

Resumen (es)
Resumen (en)

Introducción. La preeclampsia es una enfermedad con alta frecuencia a nivel mundial relacionada con la gestación. Las pacientes que la padecen pueden precisar un procedimiento anestésico por diversos motivos, incluidas las complicaciones graves.

Objetivo. Realizar una revisión narrativa de la literatura respecto a las pautas principales del tratamiento anestésico de pacientes con preeclampsia.

Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda estructurada en las bases de datos ProQuest, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, PubMed, LILACS, Embase, Trip Database, SciELO y Cochrane Library con los términos Anesthesia AND pre-eclampsia AND therapeutics; hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced AND anesthesia AND therapeutics; anesthesia AND pre-eclampsia; hypertension, pregnancy induced AND anesthesia. La búsqueda se hizo en inglés con sus equivalentes en español.

Resultados. Se encontraron 61 artículos con información relevante para el desarrollo de la presente revisión.

Conclusiones. Una valoración preanestésica y la instauración temprana de las técnicas analgésicas y anestésicas pueden mitigar el impacto de complicaciones derivadas del curso de la preeclampsia. Respecto a desenlaces mayores, no existe diferencia significativa entre los distintos tipos de anestesia.

Introduction: Pre-eclampsia is a highly common gestational disease worldwide. Patients with this condition may require an anesthetic procedure for several reasons, including serious complications.

Objective: To conduct a narrative review of the literature regarding the main guidelines for anesthetic treatment in patients with
pre-eclampsia.

Materials and methods: Structured search on the ProQuest, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, PubMed, LILACS, Embase, Trip Database, SciELO and Cochrane Library databases, with the terms Anesthesia AND pre-eclampsia AND therapeutics; hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced AND anesthesia AND therapeutics; anesthesia AND pre-eclampsia; hypertension, pregnancy induced AND anesthesia. The search was made in English with their Spanish equivalents.

Results: 61 articles had information relevant for the development of this review.

Conclusions: Preanesthetic assessment and early implementation of analgesic and anesthetic techniques may mitigate the impact of complications derived from the course of the disease. For major outcomes, there is no significant difference between the different types of anesthesia.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Cedeño-Burbano AA, Galeano-Triviño GA, Fernández-Bolaños DA, Chito-Castro KL, Coronado-Abella V. Hipertensión postparto: una revisión de la literatura y los protocolos de manejo. Rev. Fac. Med. 2015;63(2):243-50. http://doi.org/cwhz.

Ahmed R, Dunford J, Mehran R, Robson S, Kunadian V. Pre-eclampsia and future cardiovascular risk among women: a review. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(18):1815-22. http://doi.org/f2rp9w.

Magee L, Sadeghi S. Prevention and treatment of postpartum hypertension. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005;(1):CD004351. http://doi.org/d6frvs.

Colombia. Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. Guías de Práctica Clínica para la Prevención, Detección Temprana y Tratamiento de las Complicaciones del Embarazo, Parto o Puerperio (guía completa). Bogotá D.C.: Minsalud; 2014 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. Available from: https://bit.ly/2PCniih.

Oxford Centre for Triple Value Healthcare. Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). United Kingdom: CASP; 2018 [cited 2018 Nov 18]. Available from: https://goo.gl/o7NhL8.

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Hypertension in Pregnancy: The Management of Hypertensive Disorders during Pregnancy. London: RCOG Press; 2010 [cited 2016 Dec 12]. Available from: https://goo.gl/q5ZYVB.

Izci B, Riha RL, Martin SE, Vennelle M, Liston WA, Dundas KC, et al. The upper airway in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;167(2):137-40. http://doi.org/cm6cgk.

Estcourt LJ, Ingram C, Doree C, Trivella M, Stanworth SJ. Use of platelet transfusions prior to lumbar punctures or epidural anaesthesia for the prevention of complications in people with thrombocytopenia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;(5):CD011980. http://doi.org/f8rh3m.

Ferrazzani S, de Carolis S, Pomini F, Testa AC, Mastromarino C, Caruso A. The duration of hypertension in the puerperium of preeclamptic women: relationship with renal impairment and week of delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1994;171(2):506-12. http://doi.org/3bs.

Raheem IA, Saaid R, Omar SZ, Tan PC. Oral nifedipine versus intravenous labetalol for acute blood pressure control in hypertensive emergencies of pregnancy: a randomized trial. BJOG. 2012;119(1):78-85. http://doi.org/dzz8tr.

McDonald S, Fernando R, Ashpole K, Columb M. Maternal cardiac output changes after crystalloid or colloid coload following spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean delivery: a randomized controlled trial. Anesth Analg. 2011;113(4):803-10. http://doi.org/d4gcpq.

Jones L, Othman M, Dowswell T, Alfirevic Z, Gates S, Newburn M, et al. Pain management for women in labour: an overview of systematic reviews. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(3):CD009234. http://doi.org/cwh6.

Czarnetzki C, Lysakowski C, Elia N, Tramèr MR. Time course of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block after pre-treatment with magnesium sulphate: a randomised study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2010;54(3):299-306. http://doi.org/c52g62.

Dennis AT. Management of pre-eclampsia: issues for anaesthetists. Anaesthesia. 2012;67(9):1009-20. http://doi.org/f364zr.

Rey E, LeLorier J, Burgess E, Lange IR, Leduc L. Report of the Canadian Hypertension Society Consensus Conference: 3. Pharmacologic treatment of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. CMAJ. 1997 [cited 2016 Dec 12];157(9):1245-54. Available from: https://goo.gl/jjTzyU.

Coppage KH, Sibai BM. Treatment of hypertensive complications in pregnancy. Curr Pharm Des. 2005;11(6):749-57. http://doi.org/dg39wq.

Sibai B. Etiology and management of postpartum hypertension-preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gyneco. 2012;206(6):470-5. http://doi.org/c3ft89.

Frerk C, Mitchell VS, McNarry AF, Mendonca C, Bhagrath R, Patel A, et al. Difficult Airway Society 2015 guidelines for management of unanticipated difficult intubation in adults. Br J Anaesth. 2015;115(6):827-48. http://doi.org/f73f2t.

Haram K, Svendsen E, Abildgaard U. The HELLP syndrome: Clinical issues and management. A Review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2009;9:8. http://doi.org/cgzt6w.

Leduc L, Wheeler JM, Kirshon B, Mitchell P, Cotton DB. Coagulation profile in severe preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol. 1992 [cited 2016 Nov 8];79(1):14-8. Available from: https://goo.gl/fw3D7t.

Barron WM, Heckerling P, Hibbard JU, Fisher S. Reducing unnecessary coagulation testing in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1999;94(3):364-70. http://doi.org/c2ntq7.

Nuttall G, Burckhardt J, Hadley A, Kane S, Kor D, Marienau MS, et al. Surgical and Patient Risk Factors for Severe Arterial Line Complications in Adults. Anesthesiology. 2016;124(3):590-7. http://doi.org/f8czr7.

Martin JN, Thigpen BD, Moore RC, Rose CH, Cushman J, May W. Stroke and severe preeclampsia and eclampsia: a paradigm shift focusing on systolic blood pressure. Obstet Gynecol. 2005;105(2):246-54. http://doi.org/cws88m.

Li YH, Novikova N. Pulmonary artery flow catheters for directing management in pre-eclampsia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(6):CD008882. http://doi.org/cwh2.

Bolte AC, Dekker GA, van Eyck J, van Schijndel RS, van Geijn HP. Lack of agreement between central venous pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure in preeclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy. 2000;19(3):261-71. http://doi.org/dw36f3.

Dennis AT. Transthoracic echocardiography in obstetric anaesthesia and obstetric critical illness. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2011;20(2):160-8. http://doi.org/bsnbj5.

Regitz-Zagrosek V, Blomstrom-Lundgvist C, Borghi C, Cifkova R, Ferreira R, Foidart JM, et al. ESC Guidelines on the management of cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy: the Task Force on the Management of Cardiovascular Diseases during Pregnancy of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2011;32(24):3147-97. http://doi.org/dz3pfg.

Ascarelli MH, Johnson V, McCreary H, Cushman J, May WL, Martin JN Jr. Postpartum preeclampsia management with furosemide: a randomized clinical trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2005;105(1):29-33. http://doi.org/dn62fs.

Sibai BM, Mercer BM, Schiff E, Friedman SA. Aggressive versus expectant management of severe preeclampsia at 28 to 32 weeks’ gestation: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1994 [cited 2017 Jan 4];171(3):818-22. Available from: https://goo.gl/1DDqXk.

Ahn HK, Nava-Ocampo AA, Han JY, Choi JS, Chung JH, Yang JH, et al. Exposure to amlodipine in the first trimester of pregnancy and during breastfeeding. Hypertens Pregnancy. 2007;26(2):179-87. http://doi.org/dkx2ct.

Kernaghan D, Duncan AC, McKay GA. Hypertension in pregnancy: a review of therapeutic options. Obstetric Medicine. 2012;5(2):44-9. http://doi.org/3bv.

Ghanem FA, Movahed A. Use of Antihypertensive Drugs during Pregnancy and Lactation. Cardiovasc Ther. 2008;26(1):38-49. http://doi.org/c7bx6w.

Fanelli C, Fernandes BH, Machado FG, Okabe C, Malheiros DM, Fujihara CK, et al. Effects of losartan, in monotherapy or in association with hydrochlorothiazide, in chronic nephropathy resulting from losartan treatment during lactation. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2011;301(3):F580-7. http://doi.org/c8ks6t.

Bunjes R, Schaefer C, Holzinger D. Clonidine and breast-feeding. Clin Pharm. 1993 [cited 2017 Jan 21];12(3):178-9. Available from: https://goo.gl/7pBRVq.

Beardmore KS, Morris JM, Gallery ED. Excretion of anti-hypertensive medication into human breast milk: a systematic review. Hypertens Pregnancy. 2002;21(1):85-95. http://doi.org/bj44h3.

James PR, Nelson-Piercy C. Management of hypertension before, during, and after pregnancy. Heart. 2004;90(12):1499-504. http://doi.org/csfdmk.

Romero-Gutiérrez G, Muro-Barragán SA, Ponce-Ponce de León AL. Evolución de la hipertensión gestacional a hipertensión crónica. Ginecol Obstet Mex. 2009 [cited 2017 Jan 21];77(9):401-6. Available from: https://goo.gl/ESBCnk.

Anthony J, Schoeman LK. Fluid management in pre-eclampsia. Obstet Med. 2013;6(3):100-4. http://doi.org/cwh5.

Loubert C. Fluid and vasopressor management for Cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia: continuing professional development. Can J Anaesth. 2012;59(6):604-19. http://doi.org/f3x5k6.

Duley L, Williams J, Henderson-Smart DJ. Plasma volume expansion for treatment of women with pre-eclampsia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD001805. http://doi.org/d48w3g.

Ganzevoort W, Rep A, Bonsel GJ, Fetter WP, van Sonderen L, De Vries JI, et al. A randomised controlled trial comparing two temporising management strategies, one with and one without plasma volume expansion, for severe and early onset pre-eclampsia. BJOG. 2005;112(10):1358-68. http://doi.org/chv746.

Hofmeyr G, Cyna A, Middleton P. Prophylactic intravenous preloading for regional analgesia in labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(4):CD000175. http://doi.org/cd2d87.

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Hypertension in pregnancy. Report of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2013;122(5):1122-31. http://doi.org/3bm.

Patel P, Desai P, Gajjar F. Labor epidural analgesia in pre-eclampsia: a prospective study. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2005;31(4):291-5. http://doi.org/bbhm44.

Head BB, Owen J, Vincent RD, Shih G, Chestnut DH, Hauth JC. A randomized trial of intrapartum analgesia in women with severe preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol. 2002;99(3):452-7. http://doi.org/dk9hf8.

El-Kerdawy H, Farouk A. Labor analgesia in preeclampsia: remifentanil patient controlled intravenous analgesia versus epidural analgesia. Middle East J Anaesthesiol. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 29];20(4):539-45. Available from: https://goo.gl/yoj2Hj.

VanWijk MJ, Boer K, van der Meulen ET, Bleker OP, Spaan JA, VanBavel E. Resistance artery smooth muscle function in pregnancy and preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;186(1):148-54. http://doi.org/cgzhxh.

Clark VA, Sharwood GH, Stewart AV. Ephedrine requirements are reduced during spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section in preeclampsia. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2005;14(1):9-13. http://doi.org/dp2n4w.

Wallace DH, Leveno KJ, Cunningham FG, Giesecke AH, Shearer VE, Sidawi JE. Randomized comparison of general and regional anesthesia for cesarean delivery in pregnancies complicated by severe preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol. 1995;86(2):193-9. http://doi.org/cwjz3g.

Visalyaputra S, Rodanant O, Somboonviboon W, Tantivitayatan K, Thienthong S, Saengchote W. Spinal versus epidural anesthesia for cesarean delivery in severe preeclampsia: a prospective randomized, multicenter study. Anesth Analg. 2005;101(3):862-8. http://doi.org/bnzmwh.

Hood DD, Curry R. Spinal versus epidural anesthesia for cesarean section in severely preeclamptic patients: a retrospective survey. Anesthesiology. 1999;90(5):1276-82. http://doi.org/cg5h9f.

Nahar S, Rasul CH, Sayed A, Azim AK. Utility of misoprostol for labor induction in severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2004;30(5):349-53. http://doi.org/b5hkcc.

Liabsuetrakul T, Choobun T, Peeyananjarassri K, Islam QM. Prophylactic use of ergot alkaloids in the third stage of labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;(2):CD005456. http://doi.org/fhdnbh.

Arzola C, Perlas A, Siddiqui NT, Carvalho JC. Bedside Gastric Ultrasonography in Term Pregnant Women Before Elective Cesarean Delivery: A Prospective Cohort Study. Anesth Analg. 2015;121(3):752-8. http://doi.org/f7prhr.

Van de Putte P, Perlas A. Gastric sonography in the severely obese surgical patient: a feasibility study. Anesth Analg. 2014;119(5):1105-10. http://doi.org/f6mph3.

Wong CA, Loffredi M, Ganchiff JN, Zhao J, Wang Z, Avram MJ. Gastric emptying of water in term pregnancy. Anesthesiology. 2002;96(6):1395-400. http://doi.org/cc7q29.

Wong CA, McCarthy RJ, Fitzgerald PC, Raikoff K, Avram MJ. Gastric emptying of water in obese pregnant women at term. Anesth Analg. 2007;105(3):751-5. http://doi.org/dwcqpw.

Pinard AM, Donati F, Martineau R, Denault AY, Taillefer J, Carrier M. Magnesium potentiates neuromuscular blockade with cisatracurium during cardiac surgery. Can J Anaesth. 2003;50(2):172-8. http://doi.org/cdfnb7.

Fuchs-Burder T, Wilder-Smith OH, Borgeat A, Tassonyi E. Interaction of magnesium sulphate with vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block. Br J Anaesth. 1995 [cited 2017 Feb 1];74(4):405-9. Available from: https://goo.gl/t2yzVK.

Smith JM, Lowe RF, Fullerton J, Currie SM, Harris L, Felker-Kantor E. An integrative review of the side effects related to the use of magnesium sulfate for pre-eclampsia and eclampsia management. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2013;13:34. http://doi.org/gbckmz.

Brown CM, Garovic VD. Drug Treatment of Hypertension in Pregnancy. Drugs. 2014;74(3):283-96. http://doi.org/3bf.