Publicado

2019-01-01

Razonamiento clínico en terapia ocupacional. Una revisión narrativa

Clinical reasoning in Occupational Therapy. A literature review

Palabras clave:

Solución de problemas, Toma de decisiones, Competencia clínica, Aprendizaje basado en problemas, Técnicas de apoyo para la decisión, Terapia ocupacional (es)
Problem Solving, Decision Making, Clinical Competence, Problem-Based Learning, Decision Support Techniques, Occupational Therapy (en)

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Autores/as

  • Pedro Moruno-Miralles Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha - Sede Talavera de la Reina - Facultad de Terapia Ocupacional, Logopedia y Enfermería - Departamento de Enfermería y Fisioterapia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8733-8746
  • Miguel Ángel Talavera-Valverde Universidade da Coruña - Sede A Coruña - Campus de Oza - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Unidad de investigación Integra Saúde - Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9817-373X
  • Adriana Reyes-Torres Universidad del Valle - Campus San Fernando - Facultad de Salud - Escuela de Rehabilitación Humana

 

Introducción. El razonamiento clínico ordena el procesamiento de la información obtenida durante la evaluación, facilitando tomar decisiones para implementar planes de tratamiento. Esta área es cada vez más relevante para la formación de estudiantes y profesionales de terapia ocupacional.

 

Objetivo. Analizar la literatura sobre razonamiento clínico en terapia ocupacional publicada entre 2009 y 2018.

 

Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura en bases de datos, repositorios institucionales, monografías y literatura gris de alcance. Se establecieron criterios de selección para la obtención de documentos que luego se analizaron estableciendo un conjunto de variables que permitieron el análisis de la literatura.

 

Resultados. La literatura sobre razonamiento clínico en el período estudiado fue de 99 publicaciones, más de la mitad que en los 33 años anteriores. El razonamiento clínico en el ámbito docente es el de mayor impacto (41.4%); 52.5% son publicaciones que mejoran la práctica con sus aportes al reforzar el desarrollo de destrezas profesionales y la calidad de las intervenciones.

 

Conclusión. El aumento de la investigación sobre razonamiento clínico en terapia ocupacional dota a esta área de conocimiento y rigor, mejorando así la eficacia de los terapeutas ocupacionales.


Introduction: Clinical reasoning regulates the processing of information obtained during assessment, facilitating decision-making to implement treatment plans. This area is increasingly relevant to the training of Occupational Therapy students and professionals.

Objective: To analyze the literature on clinical reasoning in Occupational Therapy published between 2009 and 2018.

Materials and methods: A literature review was conducted on databases, institutional repositories, monographs and related grey literature. Selection criteria were established to obtain documents that were analyzed subsequently, establishing a set of variables that allowed analyzing the literature.

Results: Literature on clinical reasoning in the period studied included 99 publications, which represented more than half of what had been published in the previous 33 years. Clinical reasoning in the teaching field has the greatest impact (41.4%); 52.5% were publications that improved practice with their contributions, reinforcing the development of professional skills and the quality of interventions.

Conclusions: The increase of research on clinical reasoning in Occupational Therapy provides this area with knowledge and rigor, thus improving the effectiveness of occupational therapists.

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Citas

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