Publicado

2020-07-01

Association between high blood pressure and fitness and fatness in adolescents

Presión arterial alta asociada con condición física y adiposidad en adolescentes

Palabras clave:

Cardiovascular Diseases, Adiposity, Obesity (en)
Enfermedades cardiovasculares, Adiposidad, Obesidad (es)

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Autores/as

  • Carlos Mario Arango-Paternina Universidad de Antioquia - Instituto Universitario de Educación Física - Medellín - Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5263-3139
  • Felipe Lobelo Emory University - Emory Global Diabetes Research Center - Hubert Department of Global Health - Atlanta, GA - USA. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4185-7193
  • Diana Carolina Páez-Rubiano Universidad de los Andes - School of Medicine - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia.
  • José Alberto Petro-Petro Universidad de Córdoba - Faculty of Education and Human Sciences - Department of Physical Culture - Montería - Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0853-6929
  • Mauricio Llano-Garcia Centro Médico de los Andes - Department of Pediatrics - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia. | Universidad El Bosque - School of Medicine - Department of Pediatrics - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia.
  • John Duperly-Sanchez Universidad de los Andes - School of Medicine - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia. | Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6401-8395
  • Diana Parra Washington University in St. Louis - School of Medicine - Physical Therapy Program - St. Louis, MO - USA. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9797-6231

 

Introduction: Excess adiposity is considered the most important risk factor for high blood pressure (HBP) in children and adolescents.

Objectives: To explore the association between HBP and overweight (OW) and abdominal obesity (AO), mediated by cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). To analyze the combined effect of excess adiposity and CRF on HBP among a sample of school-aged children from Montería, Colombia.

Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in a sample of 546 adolescents aged between 11 and 18 years from 14 randomly selected schools in Montería. Blood pressure, anthropometric, and fitness measures were evaluated by trained personnel using standardized protocols and instrumentation. The association of HBP with fitness and fatness was analyzed using logistic regression models.

Results: HBP was associated with OW, AO and low CRF. The inclusion of CRF in this model did not attenuate the association between HBP and OW and between HPB and AO. Adolescents with higher adiposity and low CRF were more likely to have HBP compared with those with lower adiposity and high CRF. Moreover, it was found that excess adiposity and low CRF had an additive effect on the risk for HBP among the sample.

Conclusion: HBP is a prevalent condition in children and adolescents from Montería, Colombia. HBP is significantly associated with OW, AO, and low CRF; therefore, it is necessary to implement initiatives to promote healthy habits aimed at this population in order to reduce the incidence rate of HBP in Colombian adolescents. 

 

Introducción. El exceso de adiposidad es considerado como el factor de riesgo más importante para la presión arterial alta (PAA) en niños y adolescentes.

Objetivos. Explorar la asociación entre PAA y sobrepeso (SP) y obesidad abdominal (OA), mediada por condición física cardiorrespiratoria (CFC), y analizar el efecto combinado de la adiposidad excesiva y la CFC en la PAA en una muestra de escolares de Montería, Colombia.

Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal realizado en 546 adolescentes con edades entre 11 y 18 años de 14 escuelas seleccionadas aleatoriamente en Montería. Se evaluó la presión arterial, los indicadores antropométricos y la condición física; las mediciones fueron realizadas por personal capacitado mediante el uso de protocolos e instrumentos estandarizados. La asociación de PAA con condición física y adiposidad fue analizada a través de modelos de regresión logística.

Resultados. Se encontró una asociación entre PAA y SP, OA y baja CFC. La inclusion de la CFC en el modelo no atenuó la asociación entre PAA y SP y entre PAA y OA. Los adolescentes con mayor adiposidad y baja CFC fueron más propensos a presentar PAA que aquellos con menor adiposidad y alta CFC. Además, se observó que la presencia de adiposidad excesiva y baja CFC aumenta el riesgo de desarrollar PAA.

Conclusión. La PAA es una condición prevalente en niños y adolescentes de Montería, además se encontró una asociación estádisticamente significativa entre PAA y SP, OA, y baja CFC, por lo que es necesario que en el país se implementen estrategias que promuevan hábitos saludables en escolares y permitan reducir la tasa de incidencia de PAA en esta población.

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