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Therapeutic effect of two muscle strengthening programs in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome. A randomized controlled clinical trial
Efecto terapéutico de dos programas de fortalecimiento muscular en pacientes con síndrome de dolor pátelofemoral. Ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v69n2.85599Palabras clave:
Exercise, Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, Chondromalacia Patellae, Abdominal Muscles (en)Ejercicio, Síndrome de dolor patelofemoral, Condromalacia de la rótula, Músculos abdominales (es)
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Introduction: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders affecting the knee joint. Conservative treatment reduces pain and improves functional capacity in the short and medium-term.
Objective: To determine the therapeutic effect of two muscle strengthening exercise programs in patients with PFPS from Bogotá, Colombia, aged between 15 and 40 years.
Materials and methods: Experimental randomized controlled clinical trial conducted in 40 patients with PFPS from Bogotá, Colombia, aged 15-40 years, with a mild to moderate level of physical activity. Participants were randomly distributed into 2 intervention groups: Group A: 8-week-long core, hip and knee muscles strengthening exercises program; Group B: 8-week-long hip and knee muscles strengthening exercises program. The level of pain was measured using the Visual Analog Scale and the Kujala Anterior Knee Pain Scale.
Results: The addition of core muscle strengthening exercises to the traditional treatment improved the quality of life of participants in the intervention group A, where a significant reduction of pain, with a statistically significant difference in the total score of the Kujala scale (p=0.025) was observed.
Conclusions: Including core muscle strengthening exercises in the conservative management of PFPS increases its effectiveness to reduce pain and improve the quality of life of these patients.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04011436
Introducción. El síndrome de dolor pátelofemoral (SPF) es una de las alteraciones musculoesqueléticas más frecuentes que afectan la articulación de la rodilla. El tratamiento conservador reduce el dolor y mejora la capacidad funcional en el corto y mediano plazo.
Objetivo. Establecer el efecto terapéutico de dos programas de ejercicios de fortalecimiento muscular en pacientes con SPF de Bogotá, Colombia, con edades entre 15 y 40 años.
Materiales y métodos. Ensayo clínico controlado aleatorio experimental realizado en 40 pacientes con SPF de Bogotá, Colombia, con edades entre los 15 y 40 años, con nivel de actividad física leve a moderada y que fueron distribuidos de forma aleatoria en 2 grupos de intervención: Grupo A: programa de ejercicios de fortalecimiento de los músculos del core, la cadera y la rodilla con una duración de 8 semanas; Grupo B: programa de ejercicios de fortalecimiento de los músculos de la cadera y la rodilla con la misma duración. El nivel de dolor se midió a través de la Escala Visual Analógica y de la Escala de Kujala para dolor patelofemoral.
Resultados. La adición de ejercicios de fortalecimiento de los músculos del core al tratamiento tradicional mejoró la calidad de vida de los participantes en el grupo de intervención A, donde se observó una reducción significativa del dolor con una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la puntuación total de la escala Kujala (p=0.025).
Conclusiones. Incluir ejercicios de fortalecimiento de los músculos del core al manejo conservador del SPF aumenta su efectividad para reducir el dolor y mejorar la calidad de vida de estos pacientes.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04011436
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