Comparison of different definitions of metabolic syndrome and their relationship with cardiovascular risk estimation
Comparación de diferentes definiciones de síndrome metabólico y su relación con la estimación del riesgo cardiovascular
Palabras clave:
Metabolic Syndrome, Insulin Resistance, Abdominal Obesity (en)Síndrome metabólico, Resistencia a la insulina, Obesidad abdominal (es)
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Introduction: Multiple definitions of metabolic syndrome (MS) are used in Peru, and there is currently no consensus on which definition should be used in clinical practice.
Objectives: To compare cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk estimators, obtained using the ACC/AHA ASCVD Risk Calculator, and to assess their level of agreement with different definitions of MS in patients treated in Lima, Peru.
Materials and methods: Analytical cross-sectional study. Medical records, collected through consecutive sampling, of 233 patients treated between October and December 2019 at the Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue, Lima, Peru, were reviewed. CVR risk was calculated using the online ACC/AHA ASCVD Risk Calculator, and the MS definitions of the WHO, NCEP-ATP III, IDF, AHA/NHLBI, JIS and ALAD were considered to compare CVD risk according to each definition. Agreement between the different MS definitions was calculated using the kappa coefficient based on the six levels of strength of agreement described by Landis and Koch.
Results: The median CVD risk in patients with MS according to the definitions of the WHO, NCEP-ATP III, IDF, AHA/NHLBI, ALAD and JIS was 9.6 (3.9-20.35), 7.9 (3.1-18.6), 7.3 (3- 16.5), 7.8 (3-17.6), 7.1 (2.9-16.5), and 7.1 (3.1-16.5), respectively. The prevalence of MS according to JIS, IDF, ALAD, AHA/NHLBI, NCEP-ATP III and WHO definitions was 81.97%, 80.26%, 74.68%, 67.81%, 65.67%, and 51.14%, respectively. Agreement between the JIS criteria and the IDF, ALAD, NCEP-ATP III, and AHA/NHLBI criteria was 0.944, 0.787, 0.592, and 0.567, respectively, but it was 0.286 between the JIS criteria and the WHO criteria.
Conclusions: In Peru, there are differences between CVD risk estimates depending on the MS definition used and considered in the present study, which may have an impact on the intensity of the therapeutic and preventive interventions performed in these patients.
Introducción. En Perú se usan múltiples definiciones de síndrome metabólico (SM); sin embargo, actualmente no hay un consenso sobre cuál definición usar en la práctica clínica.
Objetivos. Comparar las estimaciones de riesgo cardiovascular (RCV), obtenidas mediante la calculadora de RCV de la ACC/AHA, y evaluar su grado de concordancia con diferentes definiciones de SM en pacientes atendidos en Lima, Perú.
Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal analítico. Se revisaron las historias clínicas, obtenidas por muestreo consecutivo, de 233 pacientes atendidos entre octubre y diciembre de 2019 en el Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue, Lima, Perú. El RCV se calculó mediante la calculadora virtual de RCV de la ACC/AHA y se consideraron las definiciones de SM de la OMS, NCEP-ATP III, IDF, AHA/NHLBI, JIS y ALAD para comparar el RCV según cada definición. La concordancia entre las distintas definiciones de SM se calculó mediante el coeficiente kappa con base en los seis niveles de fuerza de concordancia de Landis y Koch.
Resultados. Las medianas de RCV en pacientes con SM según las definiciones de la OMS, NCEP-ATP III, IDF, AHA/NHLBI, ALAD y JIS fueron 9.6 (3.9-20.35), 7.9 (3.1-18.6), 7.3 (3-16.5), 7.8 (3-17.6), 7.1 (2.9-16.5) y 7.1 (3.1-16.5), respectivamente. La prevalencia de SM según las definiciones JIS, IDF, ALAD, AHA/NHLBI, NCEP-ATP III y OMS fue 81.97%, 80.26%, 74.68%, 67.81%, 65.67% y 51.14%, respectivamente. La concordancia entre las definiciones JIS e IDF, ALAD, NCEP-ATP III y AHA/NHLBI fue 0.944, 0.787, 0.592 y 0.567, respectivamente, pero entre la JIS y la OMS fue 0.286.
Conclusiones. Existen diferencias entre las estimaciones de RCV según las distintas definiciones de SM usadas en Perú y consideradas en el presente estudio, lo que puede tener repercusiones en la intensidad de las intervenciones terapéuticas y preventivas realizadas en estos pacientes.
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