Del papel a la práctica: adherencia a las guías de práctica clínica de tromboprofilaxis en pacientes quirúrgicos en Colombia

Publicado

2023-01-01

From theory to practice: adherence to clinical practice guidelines for thromboprophylaxis in surgical patients in Colombia

Del papel a la práctica: adherencia a las guías de práctica clínica de tromboprofilaxis en pacientes quirúrgicos en Colombia

Palabras clave:

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, Thrombosis, Embolism, Practice Guideline, Guideline Adherence, Practice Patterns, Physicians' (en)
Profilaxis Pre-exposición, Trombosis, Embolia, Guía de práctica clínica, Adhesión a directriz, Pautas de la práctica en medicina (es)

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Autores/as

Natalia Quintana-Montejo Universidad de la Sabana - Facultad de Medicina - Departamento de Cirugía - Chía - Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8461-295X
Neil Valentín Vega-Peña Universidad de la Sabana - Facultad de Medicina - Departamento de Cirugía - Chía - Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4682-5852
Luis Carlos Domínguez-Torres Universidad de la Sabana - Facultad de Medicina - Departamento de Cirugía - Chía - Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1595-8364

Resumen (en)
Resumen (es)

The development of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in surgical patients is a serious public health problem since it increases morbidity and mortality rates, as well as the costs associated with in-hospital care for this population. Notwithstanding the above, and although their effectiveness has been demonstrated, prophylactic measures are not properly used in these patients in Colombia. A possible cause of this situation is the poor adherence of health professionals to clinical practice guidelines (CPG) addressing the prevention of VTE. In this regard, several methodological approaches to achieve an adequate implementation of thromboprophylaxis by transforming physicians' behaviors have been described. However, to accomplish this, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the multifactorial barriers and sociological conditions that underlie this problem.

Better adherence to VTE prophylaxis CPGs is known to lead to better clinical practice. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to carry out a reflective analysis of the causes and possible solutions to the low adherence of Colombian health professionals to these guidelines.

El desarrollo del tromboembolismo venoso (TEV) en pacientes quirúrgicos representa un serio problema de salud pública, pues aumenta las tasas de morbimortalidad y los costos asociados con la atención intrahospitalaria de esta población. No obstante lo anterior, y a pesar de que su efectividad ha sido demostrada, en Colombia las medidas profilácticas no son utilizadas de forma adecuada en estos pacientes. Una posible causa de esta situación es la pobre adherencia de los profesionales de la salud a las guías de práctica clínica (GPC) para la prevención del TEV. En este sentido, se han descrito varias aproximaciones metodológicas para lograr una adecuada implementación de la tromboprofilaxis al transformar los comportamientos de los médicos. Sin embargo, para lograr este propósito es necesario considerar de forma integral las barreras multifactoriales y las condiciones sociológicas que subyacen a este problema.

Se sabe que una mejor adherencia a las GPC de profilaxis del TEV conduce a una mejor práctica clínica. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este artículo fue realizar un análisis reflexivo de las causas y posibles soluciones de la baja adherencia de los profesionales de la salud en Colombia a dichas guías.

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